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A sensitive environmental forensic method that determines bisphenol S and A exposure within receipt-handling through fingerprint analysis.
- Source :
-
Journal of hazardous materials [J Hazard Mater] 2022 Feb 15; Vol. 424 (Pt B), pp. 127410. Date of Electronic Publication: 2021 Oct 06. - Publication Year :
- 2022
-
Abstract
- As human beings have been consistently exposed to bisphenol A (BPA) and bisphenol S (BPS) derived from various products, the intake of BPS/BPA to humans has been extensively studied. However, using conventional biological matrices such as urine, blood, or dissected skin to detect BPS/BPA in the human body system requires longer exposure time to them, hardly defines the pollutant source of the accumulated BPS/BPA, and is often invasive. Herein, our new approach i.e. fingerprint analysis quantitatively confirms the transfer of BPS/BPA from receipts (specific pollution source) to human skin only within receipt-handling of "20 s". When receipts (fingertip region size; ~1 cm <superscript>2</superscript> ) containing 100-300 μg of BPS or BPA are handled, 20-40 μg fingerprint <superscript>-1</superscript> of BPS or BPA is transferred to human skin (fingertip). This transferred amount of BPS/BPA can still be toxic according to the toxicity test using water fleas. As a visual evidence, a fingerprint map that matches the distribution of the absorbed BPS/BPA is developed using a mass spectrometry imaging tool. This is the first study to analyze fingerprints to determine the incorporation mechanism of emerging pollutants. This study provides an efficient and non-invasive environmental forensic tool to analyze amounts and sources of hazardous substances.<br /> (Copyright © 2021 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.)
- Subjects :
- Humans
Phenols
Skin
Skin Absorption
Sulfones
Benzhydryl Compounds toxicity
Paper
Subjects
Details
- Language :
- English
- ISSN :
- 1873-3336
- Volume :
- 424
- Issue :
- Pt B
- Database :
- MEDLINE
- Journal :
- Journal of hazardous materials
- Publication Type :
- Academic Journal
- Accession number :
- 34634704
- Full Text :
- https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhazmat.2021.127410