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The sympathetic nervous system in development and disease.
- Source :
-
Nature reviews. Neuroscience [Nat Rev Neurosci] 2021 Nov; Vol. 22 (11), pp. 685-702. Date of Electronic Publication: 2021 Oct 01. - Publication Year :
- 2021
-
Abstract
- The sympathetic nervous system prepares the body for 'fight or flight' responses and maintains homeostasis during daily activities such as exercise, eating a meal or regulation of body temperature. Sympathetic regulation of bodily functions requires the establishment and refinement of anatomically and functionally precise connections between postganglionic sympathetic neurons and peripheral organs distributed widely throughout the body. Mechanistic studies of key events in the formation of postganglionic sympathetic neurons during embryonic and early postnatal life, including axon growth, target innervation, neuron survival, and dendrite growth and synapse formation, have advanced the understanding of how neuronal development is shaped by interactions with peripheral tissues and organs. Recent progress has also been made in identifying how the cellular and molecular diversity of sympathetic neurons is established to meet the functional demands of peripheral organs. In this Review, we summarize current knowledge of signalling pathways underlying the development of the sympathetic nervous system. These findings have implications for unravelling the contribution of sympathetic dysfunction stemming, in part, from developmental perturbations to the pathophysiology of peripheral neuropathies and cardiovascular and metabolic disorders.<br /> (© 2021. Springer Nature Limited.)
- Subjects :
- Animals
Axons pathology
Dendrites pathology
Humans
Neuronal Plasticity physiology
Neurons pathology
Peripheral Nervous System Diseases pathology
Sympathetic Nervous System cytology
Axons physiology
Dendrites physiology
Neurons physiology
Peripheral Nervous System Diseases physiopathology
Sympathetic Nervous System growth & development
Sympathetic Nervous System physiopathology
Subjects
Details
- Language :
- English
- ISSN :
- 1471-0048
- Volume :
- 22
- Issue :
- 11
- Database :
- MEDLINE
- Journal :
- Nature reviews. Neuroscience
- Publication Type :
- Academic Journal
- Accession number :
- 34599308
- Full Text :
- https://doi.org/10.1038/s41583-021-00523-y