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The ameliorative effect of ellagic acid on di-(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate-induced testicular structural alterations, oxidative stress, inflammation and sperm damages in adult mice.
- Source :
-
Reproductive biology and endocrinology : RB&E [Reprod Biol Endocrinol] 2021 Sep 18; Vol. 19 (1), pp. 146. Date of Electronic Publication: 2021 Sep 18. - Publication Year :
- 2021
-
Abstract
- Background: Phthalates such as di (2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP) are well known exogenous substances, disrupting reproductive system function and structure. The current research demonstrated the effect of ellagic acid (EA) on DEHP-induced testicular injury in mice.<br />Methods: Thirty-five healthy adult male mice were randomly divided to five groups; normal saline receiving group, DEHP (2 g/kg/day, dissolved in corn oil, p.o.) receiving group, DEHP (2 g/kg/day, dissolved in corn oil, p.o.) and EA receiving groups (25, 50 and 100 mg/kg/day, p.o.). Treatment duration of animals was 14 days. Body and testes weights and sperm characteristics and histological changes of testes were evaluated. Serum testosterone, luteinizing hormone (LH) and follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) levels were analyzed. In the testicular tissue, oxidative/nitrosative stress markers and inflammatory cytokine levels were measured.<br />Results: Ellagic acid significantly reduced DEHP-induced reduction of body and testes weights. The DEHP-induced reduction of spermatogonia, primary spermatocyte and sertoli cells numbers as well as reduction of sperm vitality and progressive motility were reversed by EA. Furthermore, EA inhibited DEHP-induced alterations in serum hormone levels. These effects were associated with the reduction of DEHP-induced increased level of oxidative stress and inflammatory responses.<br />Conclusions: Ellagic acid considerably inhibits testicular toxicity of DEHP through reducing oxidative/nitrosative stress and inflammatory responses. Our data suggest that EA may be considered as a promising agent to inhibit male reproductive toxicity induced by endocrine disrupting chemicals such as DEHP.<br /> (© 2021. The Author(s).)
- Subjects :
- Animals
Cytoprotection drug effects
Epididymis drug effects
Epididymis metabolism
Inflammation chemically induced
Inflammation pathology
Inflammation prevention & control
Male
Mice
Orchitis metabolism
Orchitis pathology
Oxidative Stress drug effects
Sertoli Cells drug effects
Sertoli Cells metabolism
Spermatogonia drug effects
Spermatogonia metabolism
Spermatozoa drug effects
Spermatozoa metabolism
Spermatozoa pathology
Testis drug effects
Testis metabolism
Testis pathology
Diethylhexyl Phthalate toxicity
Ellagic Acid pharmacology
Orchitis chemically induced
Orchitis prevention & control
Subjects
Details
- Language :
- English
- ISSN :
- 1477-7827
- Volume :
- 19
- Issue :
- 1
- Database :
- MEDLINE
- Journal :
- Reproductive biology and endocrinology : RB&E
- Publication Type :
- Academic Journal
- Accession number :
- 34537068
- Full Text :
- https://doi.org/10.1186/s12958-021-00830-0