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Sex/Gender Differences in CARS2 and GARS-3 Item Scores: Evidence of Phenotypic Differences Between Males and Females with ASD.
- Source :
-
Journal of autism and developmental disorders [J Autism Dev Disord] 2022 Sep; Vol. 52 (9), pp. 3958-3976. Date of Electronic Publication: 2021 Sep 17. - Publication Year :
- 2022
-
Abstract
- Growing evidence suggests that autistic females are more likely to be diagnostically overlooked than males, perhaps due to differences in ASD presentations (van Wijngaarden-Cremers in JAMA 44:627-635, 2014). To investigate specific behaviours in which differences lie, we analysed profiles of 777 children using the Childhood Autism Rating Scale (Scholper in JAMA 29:489-493, 2010) or Gilliam Autism Rating Scale (Gilliam, 2014). Males demonstrated greater difficulty in six CARS2-ST items and seven behaviours on the GARS-3, mostly reflecting restricted and repetitive behaviours. Across all instruments, the only area in which females showed greater difficulty was fear or nervousness (CARS2-ST). No meaningful differences emerged from the CARS2-HF analysis. Where males showed greater difficulty, females were more likely to present with developmentally typical behaviour.<br /> (© 2021. The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature.)
Details
- Language :
- English
- ISSN :
- 1573-3432
- Volume :
- 52
- Issue :
- 9
- Database :
- MEDLINE
- Journal :
- Journal of autism and developmental disorders
- Publication Type :
- Academic Journal
- Accession number :
- 34533659
- Full Text :
- https://doi.org/10.1007/s10803-021-05286-0