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Perioperative Pulmonary Atelectasis: Part I. Biology and Mechanisms.
- Source :
-
Anesthesiology [Anesthesiology] 2022 Jan 01; Vol. 136 (1), pp. 181-205. - Publication Year :
- 2022
-
Abstract
- Pulmonary atelectasis is common in the perioperative period. Physiologically, it is produced when collapsing forces derived from positive pleural pressure and surface tension overcome expanding forces from alveolar pressure and parenchymal tethering. Atelectasis impairs blood oxygenation and reduces lung compliance. It is increasingly recognized that it can also induce local tissue biologic responses, such as inflammation, local immune dysfunction, and damage of the alveolar-capillary barrier, with potential loss of lung fluid clearance, increased lung protein permeability, and susceptibility to infection, factors that can initiate or exaggerate lung injury. Mechanical ventilation of a heterogeneously aerated lung (e.g., in the presence of atelectatic lung tissue) involves biomechanical processes that may precipitate further lung damage: concentration of mechanical forces, propagation of gas-liquid interfaces, and remote overdistension. Knowledge of such pathophysiologic mechanisms of atelectasis and their consequences in the healthy and diseased lung should guide optimal clinical management.<br /> (Copyright © 2021, the American Society of Anesthesiologists. All Rights Reserved.)
- Subjects :
- Animals
Diaphragm diagnostic imaging
Diaphragm physiopathology
Humans
Intraoperative Complications diagnostic imaging
Intraoperative Complications therapy
Lung diagnostic imaging
Perioperative Care trends
Pulmonary Atelectasis diagnostic imaging
Respiration, Artificial adverse effects
Respiration, Artificial trends
Intraoperative Complications physiopathology
Lung physiopathology
Perioperative Care methods
Pulmonary Atelectasis physiopathology
Pulmonary Atelectasis therapy
Subjects
Details
- Language :
- English
- ISSN :
- 1528-1175
- Volume :
- 136
- Issue :
- 1
- Database :
- MEDLINE
- Journal :
- Anesthesiology
- Publication Type :
- Academic Journal
- Accession number :
- 34499087
- Full Text :
- https://doi.org/10.1097/ALN.0000000000003943