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Characterization and immunomodulatory activity of sulfated galactan from the red seaweed Gracilaria fisheri.

Characterization and immunomodulatory activity of sulfated galactan from the red seaweed Gracilaria fisheri.

Authors :
Khongthong S
Theapparat Y
Roekngam N
Tantisuwanno C
Otto M
Piewngam P
Source :
International journal of biological macromolecules [Int J Biol Macromol] 2021 Oct 31; Vol. 189, pp. 705-714. Date of Electronic Publication: 2021 Aug 30.
Publication Year :
2021

Abstract

Polysaccharides from the red seaweed Gracilaria fisheri possess many functions, which include antioxidant, antiviral, and antibacterial activities. However, detailed data on their immunomodulatory activities are scarce. Here, we isolated sulfated galactans (SG) from G. fisheri. We found that the predominant SG from G. fisheri, termed SG-1, had an estimated molecular mass of 100 kDa and activated murine J774A.1 macrophages via the dectin-1 signaling pathway. Furthermore, we observed enhancement of nitric oxide (NO) secretion, increased expression of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) mRNA, and increased mRNA levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines such as tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) and interleukins IL-1β and IL-6 by SG-1 in macrophages. Moreover, there was higher expression of intercellular adhesion molecule 1 (ICAM-1) and co-stimulatory molecules (B7-1 and B7-2) mRNA. Treatment with G. fisheri SG-1 at 50 μg/mL generally achieved or exceeded the pro-inflammatory activities of 100 ng/mL lipopolysaccharide. Our study demonstrates immune-stimulatory activities of G. fisheri SG that may be of value for immune-potentiating treatment in humans or livestock.<br /> (Published by Elsevier B.V.)

Details

Language :
English
ISSN :
1879-0003
Volume :
189
Database :
MEDLINE
Journal :
International journal of biological macromolecules
Publication Type :
Academic Journal
Accession number :
34474051
Full Text :
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2021.08.182