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Proof of Gene Doping in a Mouse Model with a Human Erythropoietin Gene Transferred Using an Adenoviral Vector.
- Source :
-
Genes [Genes (Basel)] 2021 Aug 16; Vol. 12 (8). Date of Electronic Publication: 2021 Aug 16. - Publication Year :
- 2021
-
Abstract
- Despite the World Anti-Doping Agency (WADA) ban on gene doping in the context of advancements in gene therapy, the risk of EPO gene-based doping among athletes is still present. To address this and similar risks, gene-doping tests are being developed in doping control laboratories worldwide. In this regard, the present study was performed with two objectives: to develop a robust gene-doping mouse model with the human EPO gene (h EPO ) transferred using recombinant adenovirus (rAdV) as a vector and to develop a detection method to identify gene doping by using this model. The rAdV including the h EPO gene was injected intravenously to transfer the gene to the liver. After injection, the mice showed significantly increased whole-blood red blood cell counts and increased expression of hematopoietic marker genes in the spleen, indicating successful development of the gene-doping model. Next, direct and potentially indirect proof of gene doping were evaluated in whole-blood DNA and RNA by using a quantitative PCR assay and RNA sequencing. Proof of doping could be detected in DNA and RNA samples from one drop of whole blood for approximately a month; furthermore, the overall RNA expression profiles showed significant changes, allowing advanced detection of h EPO gene doping.
Details
- Language :
- English
- ISSN :
- 2073-4425
- Volume :
- 12
- Issue :
- 8
- Database :
- MEDLINE
- Journal :
- Genes
- Publication Type :
- Academic Journal
- Accession number :
- 34440425
- Full Text :
- https://doi.org/10.3390/genes12081249