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SARS-CoV-2 RNA and antibody detection in breast milk from a prospective multicentre study in Spain.
- Source :
-
Archives of disease in childhood. Fetal and neonatal edition [Arch Dis Child Fetal Neonatal Ed] 2022 Mar; Vol. 107 (2), pp. 216-221. Date of Electronic Publication: 2021 Aug 20. - Publication Year :
- 2022
-
Abstract
- Objectives: To develop and validate a specific protocol for SARS-CoV-2 detection in breast milk matrix and to determine the impact of maternal SARS-CoV-2 infection on the presence, concentration and persistence of specific SARS-CoV-2 antibodies.<br />Design and Patients: This is a prospective, multicentre longitudinal study (April-December 2020) in 60 mothers with SARS-CoV-2 infection and/or who have recovered from COVID-19. A control group of 13 women before the pandemic were also included.<br />Setting: Seven health centres from different provinces in Spain.<br />Main Outcome Measures: Presence of SARS-CoV-2 RNA in breast milk, targeting the N1 region of the nucleocapsid gene and the envelope (E) gene; presence and levels of SARS-CoV-2-specific immunoglobulins (Igs)-IgA, IgG and IgM-in breast milk samples from patients with COVID-19.<br />Results: All breast milk samples showed negative results for presence of SARS-CoV-2 RNA. We observed high intraindividual and interindividual variability in the antibody response to the receptor-binding domain of the SARS-CoV-2 spike protein for each of the three isotypes IgA, IgM and IgG. Main Protease (MPro) domain antibodies were also detected in milk. 82.9% (58 of 70) of milk samples were positive for at least one of the three antibody isotypes, with 52.9% of these positive for all three Igs. Positivity rate for IgA was relatively stable over time (65.2%-87.5%), whereas it raised continuously for IgG (from 47.8% for the first 10 days to 87.5% from day 41 up to day 206 post-PCR confirmation).<br />Conclusions: Our study confirms the safety of breast feeding and highlights the relevance of virus-specific SARS-CoV-2 antibody transfer. This study provides crucial data to support official breastfeeding recommendations based on scientific evidence. Trial registration number NCT04768244.<br />Competing Interests: Competing interests: None declared.<br /> (© Author(s) (or their employer(s)) 2022. Re-use permitted under CC BY-NC. No commercial re-use. See rights and permissions. Published by BMJ.)
- Subjects :
- Adult
Antibodies, Viral analysis
Coronavirus Envelope Proteins analysis
Coronavirus Nucleocapsid Proteins analysis
Female
Humans
Immunoglobulins analysis
Longitudinal Studies
Phosphoproteins analysis
Prospective Studies
RNA, Viral analysis
SARS-CoV-2
Spain
COVID-19 epidemiology
COVID-19 immunology
Milk, Human immunology
Subjects
Details
- Language :
- English
- ISSN :
- 1468-2052
- Volume :
- 107
- Issue :
- 2
- Database :
- MEDLINE
- Journal :
- Archives of disease in childhood. Fetal and neonatal edition
- Publication Type :
- Academic Journal
- Accession number :
- 34417223
- Full Text :
- https://doi.org/10.1136/archdischild-2021-322463