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Biomonitoring of Mycotoxins in Plasma of Patients with Alzheimer's and Parkinson's Disease.
- Source :
-
Toxins [Toxins (Basel)] 2021 Jul 10; Vol. 13 (7). Date of Electronic Publication: 2021 Jul 10. - Publication Year :
- 2021
-
Abstract
- Exposure to environmental contaminants might play an important role in neurodegenerative disease pathogenesis, such as Parkinson´s disease (PD) and Alzheimer´s disease (AD). For the first time in Spain, the plasmatic levels of 19 mycotoxins from patients diagnosed with a neurodegenerative disease (44 PD and 24 AD) and from their healthy companions (25) from La Rioja region were analyzed. The studied mycotoxins were aflatoxins B1, B2, G1, G2 and M1, T-2 and HT-2, ochratoxins A (OTA) and B (OTB), zearalenone, sterigmatocystin (STER), nivalenol, deoxynivalenol, 3-acetyldeoxynivalenol, 15-acetyldeoxynivalenol, deepoxy-deoxynivalenol, neosolaniol, diacetoxyscirpenol and fusarenon-X. Samples were analyzed by LC-MS/MS before and after treatment with β-glucuronidase/arylsulfatase in order to detect potential metabolites. Only OTA, OTB and STER were detected in the samples. OTA was present before (77% of the samples) and after (89%) the enzymatic treatment, while OTB was only detectable before (13%). Statistically significant differences in OTA between healthy companions and patients were observed but the observed differences might seem more related to gender (OTA levels higher in men, p -value = 0.0014) than the disease itself. STER appeared only after enzymatic treatment (88%). Statistical analysis on STER, showed distributions always different between healthy controls and patients (patients' group > controls, p -value < 0.0001). Surprisingly, STER levels weakly correlated positively with age in women (rho = 0.3384), while OTA correlation showed a decrease of levels with age especially in the men with PD (rho = -0.4643).
- Subjects :
- Alzheimer Disease microbiology
Chromatography, Liquid
Humans
Mycotoxins analysis
Mycotoxins metabolism
Neurodegenerative Diseases
Ochratoxins
Parkinson Disease metabolism
Sterigmatocystin analysis
Tandem Mass Spectrometry
Trichothecenes
Zearalenone analysis
Alzheimer Disease blood
Biological Monitoring
Mycotoxins blood
Parkinson Disease blood
Subjects
Details
- Language :
- English
- ISSN :
- 2072-6651
- Volume :
- 13
- Issue :
- 7
- Database :
- MEDLINE
- Journal :
- Toxins
- Publication Type :
- Academic Journal
- Accession number :
- 34357949
- Full Text :
- https://doi.org/10.3390/toxins13070477