Lung Diseases Unique to Women.

The differences in the respiratory system between women and men begin in utero. Biologic sex plays a critical role in fetal development, airway anatomy, inhalational exposures, and inhaled particle deposition of the respiratory system, thus leading to differences in risk for disease, as well as clinical manifestations, morbidity, and mortality. In this article, we focus on those respiratory diseases unique to females: lymphangioleiomyomatosis and thoracic endometriosis syndrome.
Competing Interests: Disclosure R.N. Criner, A. Al-abcha, A.A. Lambert have nothing to disclose. MeiLan Han receives funding from the NHLBI K24HL138188. Dr. Han has also received research funding from Novartis, Sunovion, Sanofi and Nuvaira. She has consulted for AstraZeneca, GlaxoSmithKline, Boehringer Ingelheim, Cipla, Chiesi, DevPro Pharma, Merck, Sanofi, Teva, Mylan and Verona.
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