Efficacy and safety of abrocitinib for the treatment of moderate-to-severe atopic dermatitis: a meta-analysis of randomized clinical trials.

Background: Atopic dermatitis (AD) is a chronic relapsing inflammatory skin disorder. Though corticosteroids are the cornerstone of therapy, the Janus kinase inhibitor abrocitinib has shown promise in recent clinical trials for the treatment of AD.
Objective: To assess the overall efficacy and safety of abrocitinib in moderate to severe AD.
Methods: All randomized controlled trials (RCTs) evaluating the efficacy and safety of abrocitinib in moderate to severe AD were included in the meta-analysis.
Results: The pooled analysis revealed a significant proportion of patients achieving Investigator's Global Assessment (IGA) response (RR = 3.52, 95% CI; 2.78-4.46, p  < .00001), Eczema Area and Severity Index (EASI) response (RR = 3.35, 95% CI; 2.54-4.41, p  < .00001), and Peak Pruritus Numerical Rating Score (PP-NRS) response (RR = 2.54,95% CI; 1.95-3.30, p  < .00001) in abrocitinib arm compared to the placebo arm. Moreover, the pooled analysis also suggested that treatment-emergent adverse events (TAEs) were relatively higher with abrocitinib than placebo (R.R. = 1.17; 95% CI; 1.06-1.29, p  = .002).
Conclusions: This meta-analysis showed that abrocitinib had a significant beneficial effect and tolerable adverse effect profile in patients of AD. Dose regimens of 200 and 100 mg seemed to have similar benefits. However, long-term trials are needed for corroboration.Key pointsAbrocitinib is emerging as a potential treatment option for moderate to severe atopic dermatitis.The pooled analysis from 4 RCTs demonstrated significant effectiveness of abrocitinib in both physician and patient-reported outcomes like IGA, EASI, and PP-NRS. The drug was also well-tolerated across the trials.The number needed to treat (NNT) for all efficacy outcomes was low suggesting clinically desirable benefits with the use of abrocitinib. Trial registration : Review registration number PROSPERO database: CRD42021255634.