Mercury, selenium, and stable carbon and nitrogen isotopes in the striped marlin Kajikia audax and blue marlin Makaira nigricans food web from the Gulf of California.

Mercury (Hg) concentrations based on dietary sources have shown to predict differences in fish; however, they are usually applied at an individual scale and are rarely directed at a known trophic transfer. We combined gut content analysis and stable isotope analysis (δ ¹⁵ N and δ ¹³ C) to provide a quantitative estimate of Hg and selenium (Se) biomagnification in the striped marlin (Kajikia audax) and blue marlin (Makaira nigricans) food web from the southwestern Gulf of California. Hg and Se concentrations (mean ± SD; μg g ^-1 , dw) were different among K. audax (Hg = 3.6 ± 2.1, Se = 5.5 ± 5.4) and M. nigricans (Hg = 19.0 ± 29.6, Se = 8.8 ± 10.5). Such variations of element concentrations could be linked to predation with different Hg and Se contents. Diet data presented as prey weight (%W) indicated a higher proportion of large prey fish for the blue marlin than the striped marlin. δ ¹⁵ N and δ ¹³ C indicated pelagic food sources with epipelagic preferences for the blue marlin and mesopelagic for the striped marlin. The relationship between Hg concentrations and δ ¹⁵ N was positive along the food web of both marlin species, indicating biomagnification of Hg. However, Se biomagnification was not clearly evidenced, and Se:Hg ratios decreased with δ ¹⁵ N, attributed to increasing Hg concentrations with increased trophic level.
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