In situ interfacial architecture of lithium vanadate-based cathode for printable lithium batteries.

Most Li ₃ VO ₄ anodes are obtained by pre-architecture methods in which Li ₃ VO ₄ anode materials are prepared with more than six key processes including high-temperature annealing and long preparation time. Herein, we propose an in situ post-architecture strategy including Li ₃ VO ₄ -precursor solution (ink) preparation and then annealing at 250°C. The integrated Li ₃ VO ₄ based electrode not only possesses good electrical conductivity and porous microstructure but also has superior stability because of Cu anchoring and inclusion by in situ catalysis. The integrated electrode demonstrates a high reversible capacity (865 mA h g ^-1 at 0.2 A g ^-1 ) and good cyclability (100% capacity retention after 200 cycles at 1 A g ^-1 ). More importantly, the post-architecture electrode has a high energy density of 773.8 Wh kg ^-1 , much higher than reported Li ₃ VO ₄ -based materials, as well as most cathodes. Therefore, the electrode could be used to the printable cathode of low-voltage high-energy-density lithium batteries.
Competing Interests: The authors declare no competing interests.
(© 2021 The Author(s).)