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Bile acid-induced tissue factor activity in hepatocytes correlates with activation of farnesoid X receptor.
- Source :
-
Laboratory investigation; a journal of technical methods and pathology [Lab Invest] 2021 Oct; Vol. 101 (10), pp. 1394-1402. Date of Electronic Publication: 2021 Jun 18. - Publication Year :
- 2021
-
Abstract
- Bile acids (BA) have been found to promote coagulation by increasing tissue factor (TF) activity. The contribution of elevated BA levels and cholestasis to TF decryption within the liver parenchyma and the role of farnesoid X receptor (FXR) in this process remain unclear. We investigated the effects of BA on TF activity and thrombin generation in hepatocytes and correlated these effects with activation of FXR-dependent signaling and apoptosis. HepG2 cells and primary hepatocytes were incubated with chenodeoxycholic acid (CDCA), glycochenodeoxycholic acid (GCDCA), ursodeoxycholic acid (UCDA), or the synthetic FXR agonist GW4064 for 24 h. MTT tests demonstrated cell viability throughout experiments. TF activity was tested via factor Xa generation and thrombin generation was measured by calibrated automated thrombography. Increased TF activity alongside enhanced thrombin generation was observed with CDCA and GW4064 but not with GCDCA and UDCA. TF activity was substantially reduced when FXR activation was blocked with the antagonist DY 268. Quantitative polymerase chain reaction revealed upregulation of FXR target genes only by CDCA and GW4064. Western blot analysis and fluorescence microscopy showed no TF overexpression arguing for TF decryption. Caspase 3 activity measurements and flow cytometric analysis of Annexin V binding showed no signs of apoptosis. Long-term exposure of hepatocytes to nontoxic BA may cause intracellular FXR overstimulation, triggering TF decryption irrespective of the amphiphilic properties of BA. The effect of BA on TF activation correlates with the molecule's ability to enter the cells and activate FXR. TF decryption occurs independently of apoptotic mechanisms.<br /> (© 2021. The Author(s), under exclusive licence to United States and Canadian Academy of Pathology.)
- Subjects :
- Apoptosis drug effects
Cell Survival drug effects
Deoxycholic Acid pharmacology
Hep G2 Cells
Humans
Isoxazoles pharmacology
Liver metabolism
Signal Transduction drug effects
Thrombin metabolism
Bile Acids and Salts metabolism
Hepatocytes metabolism
Receptors, Cytoplasmic and Nuclear metabolism
Thromboplastin metabolism
Subjects
Details
- Language :
- English
- ISSN :
- 1530-0307
- Volume :
- 101
- Issue :
- 10
- Database :
- MEDLINE
- Journal :
- Laboratory investigation; a journal of technical methods and pathology
- Publication Type :
- Academic Journal
- Accession number :
- 34145381
- Full Text :
- https://doi.org/10.1038/s41374-021-00628-z