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Development of the Entorhinal Cortex Occurs via Parallel Lamination During Neurogenesis.

Authors :
Liu Y
Bergmann T
Mori Y
Peralvo Vidal JM
Pihl M
Vasistha NA
Thomsen PD
Seemann SE
Gorodkin J
Hyttel P
Khodosevich K
Witter MP
Hall VJ
Source :
Frontiers in neuroanatomy [Front Neuroanat] 2021 May 05; Vol. 15, pp. 663667. Date of Electronic Publication: 2021 May 05 (Print Publication: 2021).
Publication Year :
2021

Abstract

The entorhinal cortex (EC) is the spatial processing center of the brain and structurally is an interface between the three layered paleocortex and six layered neocortex, known as the periarchicortex. Limited studies indicate peculiarities in the formation of the EC such as early emergence of cells in layers (L) II and late deposition of LIII, as well as divergence in the timing of maturation of cell types in the superficial layers. In this study, we examine developmental events in the entorhinal cortex using an understudied model in neuroanatomy and development, the pig and supplement the research with BrdU labeling in the developing mouse EC. We determine the pig serves as an excellent anatomical model for studying human neurogenesis, given its long gestational length, presence of a moderate sized outer subventricular zone and early cessation of neurogenesis during gestation. Immunohistochemistry identified prominent clusters of OLIG2 <superscript>+</superscript> oligoprogenitor-like cells in the superficial layers of the lateral EC (LEC) that are sparser in the medial EC (MEC). These are first detected in the subplate during the early second trimester. MRI analyses reveal an acceleration of EC growth at the end of the second trimester. BrdU labeling of the developing MEC, shows the deeper layers form first and prior to the superficial layers, but the LV/VI emerges in parallel and the LII/III emerges later, but also in parallel. We coin this lamination pattern parallel lamination. The early born Reln <superscript>+</superscript> stellate cells in the superficial layers express the classic LV marker, Bcl11b (Ctip2) and arise from a common progenitor that forms the late deep layer LV neurons. In summary, we characterize the developing EC in a novel animal model and outline in detail the formation of the EC. We further provide insight into how the periarchicortex forms in the brain, which differs remarkably to the inside-out lamination of the neocortex.<br />Competing Interests: The authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest.<br /> (Copyright 2021 Liu, Bergmann, Mori, Peralvo Vidal, Pihl, Vasistha, Thomsen, Seemann, Gorodkin, Hyttel, Khodosevich, Witter and Hall.)

Details

Language :
English
ISSN :
1662-5129
Volume :
15
Database :
MEDLINE
Journal :
Frontiers in neuroanatomy
Publication Type :
Academic Journal
Accession number :
34025365
Full Text :
https://doi.org/10.3389/fnana.2021.663667