Targeted Thrombolytic Therapy with Metal-Organic-Framework-Derived Carbon Based Platforms with Multimodal Capabilities.

A dual-response (near-infrared, alternating magnetic field) multifunctional nanoplatform was developed based on urokinase plasminogen activators (uPA)-loaded metal-organic-framework (MOF)-derived carbon nanomaterials (referred to uPA@CFs below) for thrombolytic therapy. uPA loaded in mesoporous CFs could be released under the action of near-infrared (NIR)-mediated photothermy to achieve superficial thrombolysis. More importantly, with the assistance of alternating magnetic field (AMF), this system could also precisely heat the thrombosis in the deep tissue area. Quantitative experiments proved that the thrombolytic efficiency of this dual-response system at deep venous thrombosis was nearly 6 times than that of NIR alone. This is the first application that MOF-derived carbon nanomaterials in the field of targeted thrombolysis. To our delight, the MOF-derived carbon nanomaterials (CFs) not only maintained the drug-carrying capacity, but also endowed CFs with reliable magnetic targeting ability. More encouragingly, the CFs also showed extraordinary angiogenic performance, thus opening up the prospect of its clinical application.