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Persistence of Antibody and Cellular Immune Responses in Coronavirus Disease 2019 Patients Over Nine Months After Infection.
- Source :
-
The Journal of infectious diseases [J Infect Dis] 2021 Aug 16; Vol. 224 (4), pp. 586-594. - Publication Year :
- 2021
-
Abstract
- Background: The duration of humoral and T and B cell response after the infection of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) remains unclear.<br />Methods: We performed a cross-sectional study to assess the virus-specific antibody and memory T and B cell responses in coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) patients up to 343 days after infection. Neutralizing antibodies and antibodies against the receptor-binding domain, spike, and nucleoprotein of SARS-CoV-2 were measured. Virus-specific memory T and B cell responses were analyzed.<br />Results: We enrolled 59 patients with COVID-19, including 38 moderate, 16 mild, and 5 asymptomatic patients; 31 (52.5%) were men and 28 (47.5%) were women. The median age was 41 years (interquartile range, 30-55). The median day from symptom onset to enrollment was 317 days (range 257 to 343 days). We found that approximately 90% of patients still have detectable immunoglobulin (Ig)G antibodies against spike and nucleocapsid proteins and neutralizing antibodies against pseudovirus, whereas ~60% of patients had detectable IgG antibodies against receptor-binding domain and surrogate virus-neutralizing antibodies. The SARS-CoV-2-specific IgG+ memory B cell and interferon-γ-secreting T cell responses were detectable in more than 70% of patients.<br />Conclusions: Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2-specific immune memory response persists in most patients approximately 1 year after infection, which provides a promising sign for prevention from reinfection and vaccination strategy.<br /> (© The Author(s) 2021. Published by Oxford University Press for the Infectious Diseases Society of America. All rights reserved. For permissions, e-mail: journals.permissions@oup.com.)
- Subjects :
- Adult
B-Lymphocytes immunology
Cross-Sectional Studies
Female
Humans
Immunoglobulin G immunology
Immunologic Memory immunology
Male
Middle Aged
Nucleocapsid Proteins immunology
SARS-CoV-2 immunology
Spike Glycoprotein, Coronavirus immunology
T-Lymphocytes immunology
Antibodies, Neutralizing immunology
Antibodies, Viral immunology
COVID-19 immunology
Immunity, Cellular immunology
Subjects
Details
- Language :
- English
- ISSN :
- 1537-6613
- Volume :
- 224
- Issue :
- 4
- Database :
- MEDLINE
- Journal :
- The Journal of infectious diseases
- Publication Type :
- Academic Journal
- Accession number :
- 33978754
- Full Text :
- https://doi.org/10.1093/infdis/jiab255