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Discovery of K V 1.3 ion channel inhibitors: Medicinal chemistry approaches and challenges.
- Source :
-
Medicinal research reviews [Med Res Rev] 2021 Jul; Vol. 41 (4), pp. 2423-2473. Date of Electronic Publication: 2021 May 01. - Publication Year :
- 2021
-
Abstract
- The K <subscript>V</subscript> 1.3 voltage-gated potassium ion channel is involved in many physiological processes both at the plasma membrane and in the mitochondria, chiefly in the immune and nervous systems. Therapeutic targeting K <subscript>V</subscript> 1.3 with specific peptides and small molecule inhibitors shows great potential for treating cancers and autoimmune diseases, such as multiple sclerosis, type I diabetes mellitus, psoriasis, contact dermatitis, rheumatoid arthritis, and myasthenia gravis. However, no K <subscript>V</subscript> 1.3-targeted compounds have been approved for therapeutic use to date. This review focuses on the presentation of approaches for discovering new K <subscript>V</subscript> 1.3 peptide and small-molecule inhibitors, and strategies to improve the selectivity of active compounds toward K <subscript>V</subscript> 1.3. Selectivity of dalatazide (ShK-186), a synthetic derivate of the sea anemone toxin ShK, was achieved by chemical modification and has successfully reached clinical trials as a potential therapeutic for treating autoimmune diseases. Other peptides and small-molecule inhibitors are critically evaluated for their lead-like characteristics and potential for progression into clinical development. Some small-molecule inhibitors with well-defined structure-activity relationships have been optimized for selective delivery to mitochondria, and these offer therapeutic potential for the treatment of cancers. This overview of K <subscript>V</subscript> 1.3 inhibitors and methodologies is designed to provide a good starting point for drug discovery to identify novel effective K <subscript>V</subscript> 1.3 modulators against this target in the future.<br /> (© 2021 The Authors. Medicinal Research Reviews published by Wiley Periodicals LLC.)
Details
- Language :
- English
- ISSN :
- 1098-1128
- Volume :
- 41
- Issue :
- 4
- Database :
- MEDLINE
- Journal :
- Medicinal research reviews
- Publication Type :
- Academic Journal
- Accession number :
- 33932253
- Full Text :
- https://doi.org/10.1002/med.21800