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Kynurenine/Tryptophan Ratio as a Potential Blood-Based Biomarker in Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer.
- Source :
-
International journal of molecular sciences [Int J Mol Sci] 2021 Apr 22; Vol. 22 (9). Date of Electronic Publication: 2021 Apr 22. - Publication Year :
- 2021
-
Abstract
- The enzyme indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase 1 (IDO1) degrade tryptophan (Trp) into kynurenine (Kyn) at the initial step of an enzymatic pathway affecting T cell proliferation. IDO1 is highly expressed in various cancer types and associated with poor prognosis. Nevertheless, the serum Kyn/Trp concentration ratio has been suggested as a marker of cancer-associated immune suppression. We measured Kyn and Trp in blood samples of a wide cohort of non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients, before they underwent surgery, and analyzed possible correlations of the Kyn/Trp ratio with either IDO1 expression or clinical-pathological parameters. Low Kyn/Trp significantly correlated with low IDO1 expression and never-smoker patients; while high Kyn/Trp was significantly associated with older (≥68 years) patients, advanced tumor stage, and squamous cell carcinoma (Sqcc), rather than the adenocarcinoma (Adc) histotype. Moreover, high Kyn/Trp was associated, among the Adc group, with higher tumor stages (II and III), and, among the Sqcc group, with a high density of tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes. A trend correlating the high Kyn/Trp ratio with the probability of recurrences from NSCLC was also found. In conclusion, high serum Kyn/Trp ratio, associated with clinical and histopathological parameters, may serve as a serum biomarker to optimize risk stratification and therapy of NSCLC patients.
- Subjects :
- Adenocarcinoma of Lung blood
Adenocarcinoma of Lung pathology
Adenocarcinoma of Lung surgery
Adult
Aged
Aged, 80 and over
B7-H1 Antigen metabolism
Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung blood
Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung surgery
Carcinoma, Squamous Cell blood
Carcinoma, Squamous Cell pathology
Carcinoma, Squamous Cell surgery
Female
Follow-Up Studies
Humans
Indoleamine-Pyrrole 2,3,-Dioxygenase metabolism
Lung Neoplasms blood
Lung Neoplasms surgery
Lymphocytes, Tumor-Infiltrating immunology
Male
Middle Aged
Neoplasm Recurrence, Local blood
Neoplasm Recurrence, Local pathology
Neoplasm Recurrence, Local surgery
Prognosis
Survival Rate
Biomarkers, Tumor blood
Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung pathology
Kynurenine blood
Lung Neoplasms pathology
Tryptophan blood
Subjects
Details
- Language :
- English
- ISSN :
- 1422-0067
- Volume :
- 22
- Issue :
- 9
- Database :
- MEDLINE
- Journal :
- International journal of molecular sciences
- Publication Type :
- Academic Journal
- Accession number :
- 33922388
- Full Text :
- https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms22094403