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The increased intrathecal expression of the monocyte-attracting chemokines CCL7 and CXCL12 in tick-borne encephalitis.
- Source :
-
Journal of neurovirology [J Neurovirol] 2021 Jun; Vol. 27 (3), pp. 452-462. Date of Electronic Publication: 2021 Apr 19. - Publication Year :
- 2021
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Abstract
- Tick-borne encephalitis (TBE) is a relatively severe and clinically variable central nervous system (CNS) disease with a significant contribution of a secondary immunopathology. Monocytes/macrophages play an important role in the CNS inflammation, but their pathogenetic role and migration mechanisms in flavivirus encephalitis in humans are not well known. We have retrospectively analyzed blood and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) monocyte counts in 240 patients with TBE presenting as meningitis (n = 110), meningoencephalitis (n = 114), or meningoencephalomyelitis (n = 16), searching for associations with other laboratory parameters, clinical presentation, and severity. We have measured concentrations of selected monocytes-attracting chemokines (CCL7, CXCL12, CCL20) in serum and CSF of the prospectively recruited patients with TBE (n = 15), with non-TBE aseptic meningitis (n = 6) and in non-infected controls (n = 8). The data were analyzed with non-parametric tests, p < 0.05 considered significant. Monocyte CSF count correlated with other CSF inflammatory parameters, but not with the peripheral monocytosis, consistent with an active recruitment into CNS. The monocyte count did not correlate with a clinical presentation. The median CSF concentration of CCL7 and CXCL12 was increased in TBE, and that of CCL7 was higher in TBE than in non-TBE meningitis. The comparison of serum and CSF concentrations pointed to the intrathecal synthesis of CCL7 and CXCL12, but with no evident concentration gradients toward CSF. In conclusion, the monocytes are recruited into the intrathecal compartment in concert with other leukocyte populations in TBE. CCL7 and CXCL12 have been found upregulated intrathecally but are not likely to be the main monocyte chemoattractants.
- Subjects :
- Adolescent
Adult
Aged
Aged, 80 and over
Blood-Brain Barrier metabolism
Blood-Brain Barrier virology
Case-Control Studies
Central Nervous System immunology
Central Nervous System metabolism
Central Nervous System virology
Chemokine CCL20 blood
Chemokine CCL20 cerebrospinal fluid
Chemokine CCL20 genetics
Chemokine CCL7 blood
Chemokine CCL7 cerebrospinal fluid
Chemokine CXCL12 blood
Chemokine CXCL12 cerebrospinal fluid
Chemotaxis immunology
Encephalitis, Tick-Borne blood
Encephalitis, Tick-Borne cerebrospinal fluid
Encephalitis, Tick-Borne virology
Female
Gene Expression Regulation
Humans
Macrophages immunology
Male
Meningoencephalitis blood
Meningoencephalitis cerebrospinal fluid
Meningoencephalitis virology
Middle Aged
Monocytes immunology
Retrospective Studies
Chemokine CCL7 genetics
Chemokine CXCL12 genetics
Encephalitis, Tick-Borne genetics
Macrophages virology
Meningoencephalitis genetics
Monocytes virology
Subjects
Details
- Language :
- English
- ISSN :
- 1538-2443
- Volume :
- 27
- Issue :
- 3
- Database :
- MEDLINE
- Journal :
- Journal of neurovirology
- Publication Type :
- Academic Journal
- Accession number :
- 33876413
- Full Text :
- https://doi.org/10.1007/s13365-021-00975-z