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A Combination of Epigenetic BET and CDK9 Inhibitors for Treatment of Human Melanoma.
- Source :
-
The Journal of investigative dermatology [J Invest Dermatol] 2021 Sep; Vol. 141 (9), pp. 2238-2249.e12. Date of Electronic Publication: 2021 Mar 26. - Publication Year :
- 2021
-
Abstract
- Dysregulation of epigenetic modifiers is a frequent event in melanoma and underlies many aspects of melanoma biology, including resistance to targeted therapy and immunotherapies. Here, we report that dual targeting of BET and CDK9 proteins have synergistic effects against melanoma cells in vitro and in vivo. The BET inhibitor (IBET151) and CDK9 inhibitor (CDKI73) synergistically killed melanoma cells in vitro independent of their BRAF or NRAS mutation status. The combination of drugs markedly inhibited the growth of human melanoma C002M cells in vitro in three-dimensional spheroids and in vivo in NOD-SCID gamma mice compared with vehicle control and the individual drugs (P < 0.05). Cell death was associated with mitochondrial depolarization, caspase-dependent apoptosis with cleavage of PARP1, and downregulation of anti-apoptotic proteins BCL2, BCLXL, and MCL1. Gene set enrichment analysis revealed downregulation of hallmark gene sets associated with E2F, G2M checkpoint, and c-MYC. Survival analysis showed worse prognosis with high G2M, E2F, or c-MYC gene signatures, suggesting biomarkers of response of BET and CDK9 inhibitors in melanoma. This combination of epigenetic inhibitors targets multiple downstream genes, leading to cell death of melanoma cells in vitro and in vivo, and warrants further investigation for treatment of melanoma in patients not responding to current therapies.<br /> (Copyright © 2021 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.)
- Subjects :
- Animals
Apoptosis
Biomarkers, Pharmacological
Cell Line, Tumor
Drug Synergism
Drug Therapy, Combination
Epigenomics
Humans
Mice
Mice, SCID
Neoplasm Metastasis
Neoplasm Staging
Nerve Tissue Proteins metabolism
Receptors, Cell Surface metabolism
Xenograft Model Antitumor Assays
Antineoplastic Agents therapeutic use
Cyclin-Dependent Kinase 9 antagonists & inhibitors
Melanoma drug therapy
Nerve Tissue Proteins genetics
Pyrimidines therapeutic use
Receptors, Cell Surface genetics
Skin Neoplasms drug therapy
Sulfonamides therapeutic use
Subjects
Details
- Language :
- English
- ISSN :
- 1523-1747
- Volume :
- 141
- Issue :
- 9
- Database :
- MEDLINE
- Journal :
- The Journal of investigative dermatology
- Publication Type :
- Academic Journal
- Accession number :
- 33781756
- Full Text :
- https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jid.2020.12.038