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Chemical Composition and Pharmacological Evaluation and of Toddalia asiatica (Rutaceae) Extracts and Essential Oil by in Vitro and in Silico Approaches.
- Source :
-
Chemistry & biodiversity [Chem Biodivers] 2021 Apr; Vol. 18 (4), pp. e2000999. Date of Electronic Publication: 2021 Mar 19. - Publication Year :
- 2021
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Abstract
- Toddalia asiatica (L.) Lam. is extensively used in traditional medicinal systems by various cultures. Despite its frequent use in traditional medicine, there is still a paucity of scientific information on T. asiatica growing on the tropical island of Mauritius. Therefore, the present study was designed to appraise the pharmacological and phytochemical profile of extracts (methanol, ethyl acetate and water) and essential oil obtained from aerial parts of T. asiatica. Biological investigation involved the evaluation of in vitro antioxidant and enzyme inhibitory potentials. The chemical profile of the EO was determined using gas chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry (GC/MS) analysis, while for the extracts, the total phenolic (TPC) and flavonoid content were quantified as well as their individual phenolic compounds by LC/MS/MS. Quinic acid, fumaric acid, chlorogenic acid, quercitrin and isoquercitrin were the main compounds in the extracts. Highest total phenolic (82.5±0.94 mg gallic acid equivalent (GAE/g)) and flavonoid (43.8±0.31 mg rutin equivalent (RE/g)) content were observed for the methanol extract. The GC/MS analysis has shown the presence of 26 compounds with linalool (30.9 %), linalyl acetate (20.9 %) and β-phellandrene (7.9 %) being most abundant components in the EO. The extracts and EO showed notable antioxidant properties, with the methanol extract proved to be superior source of antioxidant compounds. Noteworthy anti-acetylcholinesterase (AChE) and anti-butyrylcholinesterase (BChE) effects were recorded for the tested samples, while only the methanol and ethyl acetate extracts were active against tyrosinase. With respect to antidiabetic effects, the extracts and EO were potent inhibitors of α-glucosidase, while modest activity was recorded against α-amylase. Docking results showed that linalyl acetate has the highest affinity to interact with the active site of BChE with docking score of -6.25 kcal/mol. The findings amassed herein act as a stimulus for further investigations of this plant as a potential source of bioactive compounds which can be exploited as phyto-therapeutics.<br /> (© 2021 Wiley-VHCA AG, Zurich, Switzerland.)
- Subjects :
- Acetylcholinesterase metabolism
Animals
Antioxidants chemistry
Antioxidants isolation & purification
Benzothiazoles antagonists & inhibitors
Biphenyl Compounds antagonists & inhibitors
Butyrylcholinesterase metabolism
Enzyme Inhibitors chemistry
Enzyme Inhibitors isolation & purification
Humans
Medicine, Traditional
Models, Molecular
Monophenol Monooxygenase antagonists & inhibitors
Monophenol Monooxygenase metabolism
Oils, Volatile chemistry
Oils, Volatile isolation & purification
Oxidative Stress drug effects
Phytochemicals chemistry
Phytochemicals isolation & purification
Picrates antagonists & inhibitors
Plant Extracts chemistry
Plant Extracts isolation & purification
Plants, Medicinal chemistry
Reactive Oxygen Species metabolism
Sulfonic Acids antagonists & inhibitors
alpha-Amylases antagonists & inhibitors
alpha-Amylases metabolism
alpha-Glucosidases metabolism
Antioxidants pharmacology
Enzyme Inhibitors pharmacology
Oils, Volatile pharmacology
Phytochemicals pharmacology
Plant Extracts pharmacology
Rutaceae chemistry
Subjects
Details
- Language :
- English
- ISSN :
- 1612-1880
- Volume :
- 18
- Issue :
- 4
- Database :
- MEDLINE
- Journal :
- Chemistry & biodiversity
- Publication Type :
- Academic Journal
- Accession number :
- 33738900
- Full Text :
- https://doi.org/10.1002/cbdv.202000999