Back to Search Start Over

Compositional and Interfacial Engineering Yield High-Performance and Stable p-i-n Perovskite Solar Cells and Mini-Modules.

Authors :
Dagar J
Fenske M
Al-Ashouri A
Schultz C
Li B
Köbler H
Munir R
Parmasivam G
Li J
Levine I
Merdasa A
Kegelmann L
Näsström H
Marquez JA
Unold T
Többens DM
Schlatmann R
Stegemann B
Abate A
Albrecht S
Unger E
Source :
ACS applied materials & interfaces [ACS Appl Mater Interfaces] 2021 Mar 24; Vol. 13 (11), pp. 13022-13033. Date of Electronic Publication: 2021 Mar 15.
Publication Year :
2021

Abstract

Through the optimization of the perovskite precursor composition and interfaces to selective contacts, we achieved a p-i-n-type perovskite solar cell (PSC) with a 22.3% power conversion efficiency (PCE). This is a new performance record for a PSC with an absorber bandgap of 1.63 eV. We demonstrate that the high device performance originates from a synergy between (1) an improved perovskite absorber quality when introducing formamidinium chloride (FACl) as an additive in the "triple cation" Cs <subscript>0.05</subscript> FA <subscript>0.79</subscript> MA <subscript>0.16</subscript> PbBr <subscript>0.51</subscript> I <subscript>2.49</subscript> (Cs-MAFA) perovskite precursor ink, (2) an increased open-circuit voltage, V <subscript>OC</subscript> , due to reduced recombination losses when using a lithium fluoride (LiF) interfacial buffer layer, and (3) high-quality hole-selective contacts with a self-assembled monolayer (SAM) of [2-(9 H -carbazol-9-yl)ethyl]phosphonic acid (2PACz) on ITO electrodes. While all devices exhibit a high performance after fabrication, as determined from current-density voltage, J - V , measurements, substantial differences in device performance become apparent when considering longer-term stability data. A reduced long-term stability of devices with the introduction of a LiF interlayer is compensated for by using FACl as an additive in the metal-halide perovskite thin-film deposition. Optimized devices maintained about 80% of the initial average PCE during maximum power point (MPP) tracking for >700 h. We scaled the optimized device architecture to larger areas and achieved fully laser patterned series-interconnected mini-modules with a PCE of 19.4% for a 2.2 cm <superscript>2</superscript> active area. A robust device architecture and reproducible deposition methods are fundamental for high performance and stable large-area single junction and tandem modules based on PSCs.

Details

Language :
English
ISSN :
1944-8252
Volume :
13
Issue :
11
Database :
MEDLINE
Journal :
ACS applied materials & interfaces
Publication Type :
Academic Journal
Accession number :
33721995
Full Text :
https://doi.org/10.1021/acsami.0c17893