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Genetic and immunological basis of human African trypanosomiasis.
- Source :
-
Current opinion in immunology [Curr Opin Immunol] 2021 Oct; Vol. 72, pp. 13-20. Date of Electronic Publication: 2021 Mar 12. - Publication Year :
- 2021
-
Abstract
- Human African trypanosomiasis, or sleeping sickness, results from infection by two subspecies of the protozoan flagellate parasite Trypanosoma brucei, termed Trypanosoma brucei gambiense and Trypanosoma brucei rhodesiense, prevalent in western and eastern Africa respectively. These subspecies escape the trypanolytic potential of human serum, which efficiently acts against the prototype species Trypanosoma brucei brucei, responsible for the Nagana disease in cattle. We review the various strategies and components used by trypanosomes to counteract the immune defences of their host, highlighting the adaptive genomic evolution that occurred in both parasite and host to take the lead in this battle. The main parasite surface antigen, named Variant Surface Glycoprotein or VSG, appears to play a key role in different processes involved in the dialogue with the host.<br /> (Copyright © 2021 The Author(s). Published by Elsevier Ltd.. All rights reserved.)
- Subjects :
- Adaptive Immunity
Apolipoprotein L1 genetics
Apolipoprotein L1 metabolism
Disease Resistance genetics
Disease Resistance immunology
Gene Expression Regulation
Genetic Variation
Host-Parasite Interactions genetics
Host-Parasite Interactions immunology
Humans
Immunity, Innate
Membrane Glycoproteins genetics
Membrane Glycoproteins metabolism
Protein Binding
Protozoan Proteins genetics
Protozoan Proteins immunology
Protozoan Proteins metabolism
Trypanosoma brucei gambiense immunology
Trypanosomiasis, African metabolism
Disease Susceptibility immunology
Genetic Predisposition to Disease
Trypanosomiasis, African etiology
Subjects
Details
- Language :
- English
- ISSN :
- 1879-0372
- Volume :
- 72
- Database :
- MEDLINE
- Journal :
- Current opinion in immunology
- Publication Type :
- Academic Journal
- Accession number :
- 33721725
- Full Text :
- https://doi.org/10.1016/j.coi.2021.02.007