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Ethnic disparities in COVID-19 mortality in Mexico: A cross-sectional study based on national data.
- Source :
-
PloS one [PLoS One] 2021 Mar 10; Vol. 16 (3), pp. e0239168. Date of Electronic Publication: 2021 Mar 10 (Print Publication: 2021). - Publication Year :
- 2021
-
Abstract
- Introduction: Across the world, the COVID-19 pandemic has disproportionately affected racial and ethnic minorities. How ethnicity affects Indigenous peoples in Mexico is unclear. The aim of this cross-sectional study was to determine the mortality associated with ethnicity, particularly of Indigenous peoples, in a large sample of patients with COVID-19 in Mexico.<br />Methods: We used open access data from the Mexican Ministry of Health, which includes data of all confirmed COVID-19 cases in the country. We used descriptive statistics to compare differences among different groups of patients. Logistic regression was used to calculate odds ratios while adjusting for confounders.<br />Results: From February 28 to August 3, 2020, a total of 416546 adult patients were diagnosed with COVID-19. Among these, 4178 were Indigenous peoples. Among all patients with COVID-19, whether hospitalized or not, a higher proportion of Indigenous peoples died compared to non-Indigenous people (16.5% vs 11.1%, respectively). Among hospitalized patients, a higher proportion of Indigenous peoples died (37.1%) compared to non-Indigenous peoples (36.3%). Deaths outside the hospital were also higher among Indigenous peoples (3.7% vs 1.7%). A higher proportion of Indigenous peoples died in both the private and public health care sectors. The adjusted odds ratio for COVID-19 mortality among Indigenous peoples with COVID-19 was 1.13 (95% confidence interval 1.03 to 1.24). The adjusted odds ratio for COVID-19 mortality among Indigenous peoples with COVID-19 was higher among those who received only ambulatory care (1.55, 95% confidence interval 1.24 to 1.92).<br />Discussion: In this large sample of patients with COVID-19, the findings suggest that Indigenous peoples in Mexico have a higher risk of death from COVID-19, especially outside the hospital. These findings suggest Indigenous peoples lack access to care more so than non-Indigenous people during the COVID-19 pandemic in Mexico.<br />Competing Interests: The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.
- Subjects :
- Adult
Cross-Sectional Studies
Ethnicity statistics & numerical data
Female
Health Status Disparities
Humans
Indigenous Peoples statistics & numerical data
Male
Mexico epidemiology
Middle Aged
Minority Groups statistics & numerical data
Pandemics
Population Groups statistics & numerical data
SARS-CoV-2 pathogenicity
COVID-19 epidemiology
COVID-19 mortality
Healthcare Disparities ethnology
Subjects
Details
- Language :
- English
- ISSN :
- 1932-6203
- Volume :
- 16
- Issue :
- 3
- Database :
- MEDLINE
- Journal :
- PloS one
- Publication Type :
- Academic Journal
- Accession number :
- 33690607
- Full Text :
- https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0239168