Improvement of respiratory symptoms and health-related quality of life with peramivir in influenza patients with chronic respiratory disease: Additional outcomes of a randomized, open-label study.

Background: To compare peramivir 300 mg single-dose, peramivir 600 mg repeat-dose, and oseltamivir effects on health-related quality of life, including respiratory symptoms and general conditions, time to symptom alleviation, time to fever resolution, incidence of exacerbations, and virus titer, in influenza patients with chronic respiratory disease.
Methods: We report additional outcomes from a 2-week, multicenter, randomized, open-label study in Japan (UMIN000030118). Influenza patients with chronic respiratory disease received intravenous peramivir (300 mg single-dose [n = 66], 600 mg repeat-dose [600 mg/d of 2 consecutive days; n = 70]) or oral oseltamivir (75 mg twice daily, 5 days; n = 72). The principal endpoint of this analysis was change from baseline to Day 14 at each time point in Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease Assessment Test (CAT) scores.
Results: Both peramivir regimens reduced total CAT score at Day 3 more than oseltamivir (peramivir 600 mg vs oseltamivir, P = .0032; peramivir 300 mg vs oseltamivir, P = .0203). Cough/phlegm CAT scores were most improved with peramivir 600 mg. Median time to alleviation of three respiratory symptoms was longer with peramivir 600 mg (68.9 hours) than with peramivir 300 mg (50.6 hours, hazard ratio [HR] 1.57; P = .0191) and shorter with peramivir 300 mg than oseltamivir (78.8 hours, HR 0.62; P = .0141). Alleviation of seven influenza symptoms and fever resolution was shortest with peramivir 300 mg.
Conclusions: Rapid improvement in CAT score, including cough, and shorter time to alleviation of respiratory symptoms associated with peramivir is of potential benefit to patients with chronic respiratory disease.
(© 2021 The Authors. Influenza and Other Respiratory Viruses Published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd.)