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Glucagon Prevents Cytotoxicity Induced by Methylglyoxal in a Rat Neuronal Cell Line Model.
- Source :
-
Biomolecules [Biomolecules] 2021 Feb 15; Vol. 11 (2). Date of Electronic Publication: 2021 Feb 15. - Publication Year :
- 2021
-
Abstract
- Although diabetic polyneuropathy (DPN) is a frequent diabetic complication, no effective therapeutic approach has been established. Glucagon is a crucial hormone for glucose homeostasis but has pleiotropic effects, including neuroprotective effects in the central nervous system. However, the importance of glucagon in the peripheral nervous system (PNS) has not been clarified. Here, we hypothesized that glucagon might have a neuroprotective function in the PNS. The immortalized rat dorsal root ganglion (DRG) neuronal cell line 50B11 was treated with methylglyoxal (MG) to mimic an in vitro DPN model. The cells were cultured with or without glucagon or MG. Neurotoxicity, survival, apoptosis, neurite projection, cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP), and protein kinase A (PKA) were examined. Glucagon had no cytotoxicity and rescued the cells from neurotoxicity. Cell survival was increased by glucagon. The ratio of apoptotic cells, which was increased by MG, was reduced by glucagon. Neurite outgrowth was accelerated in glucagon-treated cells. Cyclic AMP and PKA accumulated in the cells after glucagon stimulation. In conclusion, glucagon protected the DRG neuronal cells from MG-induced cellular stress. The cAMP/PKA pathway may have significant roles in those protective effects of glucagon. Glucagon may be a potential target for the treatment of DPN.
- Subjects :
- Animals
Apoptosis
Cell Line
Cell Survival
Cyclic AMP-Dependent Protein Kinases metabolism
Ganglia, Spinal metabolism
Glucagon metabolism
Mitochondria metabolism
Neurites metabolism
Rats
Reactive Oxygen Species
Diabetic Neuropathies metabolism
Glucagon chemistry
Neurons metabolism
Peripheral Nervous System metabolism
Pyruvaldehyde chemistry
Subjects
Details
- Language :
- English
- ISSN :
- 2218-273X
- Volume :
- 11
- Issue :
- 2
- Database :
- MEDLINE
- Journal :
- Biomolecules
- Publication Type :
- Academic Journal
- Accession number :
- 33672050
- Full Text :
- https://doi.org/10.3390/biom11020287