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Sex Differences in Insulin Sensitivity are Related to Muscle Tissue Acylcarnitine But Not Subcellular Lipid Distribution.
- Source :
-
Obesity (Silver Spring, Md.) [Obesity (Silver Spring)] 2021 Mar; Vol. 29 (3), pp. 550-561. - Publication Year :
- 2021
-
Abstract
- Objective: Sex differences in insulin sensitivity are present throughout the life-span, with men having a higher prevalence of insulin resistance and diabetes compared with women. Differences in lean mass, fat mass, and fat distribution-particularly ectopic fat-have all been postulated to contribute to the sexual dimorphism in diabetes risk. Emerging data suggest ectopic lipid composition and subcellular localization are most relevant; however, it is not known whether they explain sex differences in obesity-induced insulin resistance.<br />Methods: To address this gap, this study evaluated insulin sensitivity and subcellular localization of intramuscular triacylglycerol, diacylglycerol, and sphingolipids as well as muscle acylcarnitines and serum lipidomics in people with obesity.<br />Results: Insulin sensitivity was significantly lower in men (P < 0.05); however, no sex differences were found in localization of intramuscular triacylglycerol, diacylglycerol, or sphingolipids in skeletal muscle. In contrast, men had higher total muscle acylcarnitine (P < 0.05) and long-chain muscle acylcarnitine (P < 0.05), which were related to lower insulin sensitivity (r = -0.42, P < 0.05). Men also displayed higher serum ceramide (P = 0.05) and lysophosphatidylcholine (P < 0.01).<br />Conclusions: These data reveal novel sex-specific associations between lipid species involved in the coupling of mitochondrial fatty acid transport, β-oxidation, and tricarboxylic acid cycle flux that may provide therapeutic targets to improve insulin sensitivity.<br /> (© 2021 The Obesity Society.)
- Subjects :
- Adult
Carnitine analysis
Carnitine metabolism
Citric Acid Cycle physiology
Cohort Studies
Female
Glucose Clamp Technique
Glucose Tolerance Test
Humans
Insulin blood
Lipid Metabolism physiology
Male
Mitochondria, Muscle metabolism
Muscle, Skeletal chemistry
Muscle, Skeletal ultrastructure
Obesity etiology
Obesity metabolism
Oxidation-Reduction
Sex Characteristics
Sphingolipids metabolism
Subcellular Fractions chemistry
Subcellular Fractions metabolism
Carnitine analogs & derivatives
Insulin Resistance physiology
Muscle, Skeletal metabolism
Subjects
Details
- Language :
- English
- ISSN :
- 1930-739X
- Volume :
- 29
- Issue :
- 3
- Database :
- MEDLINE
- Journal :
- Obesity (Silver Spring, Md.)
- Publication Type :
- Academic Journal
- Accession number :
- 33624435
- Full Text :
- https://doi.org/10.1002/oby.23106