Removal of amoxicillin from wastewater in the presence of H 2 O 2 using modified zeolite Y- MgO catalyst: An optimization study.

In this paper, Zeolite-MgO was generated using alkali-thermal method and was utilized as a catalyst to decrease amoxicillin (AMX) concentration in the presence of H ₂ O ₂ from wastewater. Different tests like Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR), Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET), field emission scanning electron microscopy-energy dispersive X-ray analysis (FESEM-EDX), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), and X-ray diffraction (XRD) were done to determine catalyst properties. Active groups of C-S-C, CO, CC, C-N, C-O, N-O, and N-H were identified in catalyst frame. According to XRD results, lower crystallinity of nanoparticles after modification of zeolite by MgO can lead to improvement of AMX removal. Active surface of zeolite (2.32 m ² /g) was increased after optimization by MgO to 2.96 m ² /g, indicating an increase in the catalyst capacity for activation of H ₂ O ₂ . In addition, furnace temperature (200-500 °C), residence time in the furnace (1-4 h), and Mg(NO ₃ ) ₂ : zeolite ratio (0.25: 2, 0.5:2, 1:2 w/w) were studied to achieve the optimized catalyst for AMX removal. Different parameters like pH (5-9), H ₂ O ₂ concentration (0-6 mL/100 mL), dose of catalyst (0-10 g/L), AMX concentration (50-300 mg/L), and reaction time (10-130 min) were also studied. The best efficiency (97.9%) of AMX removal was achieved at acidic pH with the lowest amount of H ₂ O ₂ (0.1 mL/100 mL) and 7 g/L of catalyst. AMX removal using the developed process followed pseudo-first-order kinetics. Reclaimable Zeolite-MgO catalyst can be effectively utilized in wastewater works.
Competing Interests: Declaration of competing interest The authors declare that they have no known conflict of interest that may obscure or affect their judgment to influence the work reported in this paper.
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