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The challenges of a circumsporozoite protein-based malaria vaccine.
- Source :
-
Expert review of vaccines [Expert Rev Vaccines] 2021 Feb; Vol. 20 (2), pp. 113-125. Date of Electronic Publication: 2021 Feb 07. - Publication Year :
- 2021
-
Abstract
- Introduction: A safe and effective vaccine will likely be necessary for the control or eradication of malaria which kills 400,000 annually. Our most advanced vaccine candidate to date is RTS,S which is based on the Plasmodium falciparum circumsporozoite protein (PfCSP) of the malaria parasite. However, protection by RTS,S is incomplete and short-lived.<br />Areas Covered: Here we summarize results from recent clinical trials of RTS,S and critically evaluate recent studies that aim to understand the correlates of protective immunity and why vaccine-induced protection is short-lived. In particular, recent systems serology studies have highlighted a key role for the necessity of inducing functional antibodies. In-depth analyses of immune responses to CSP in both mouse models and vaccinated humans have also highlighted difficulties in generating the maintaining high-quality antibody responses. Finally, in recent years biophysical and structural studies of antibody binding to PfCSP have led to a better understanding of how highly potent antibodies can block infection, which can inform vaccine design.<br />Expert Opinion: We highlight how both structure-guided vaccine design and a better understanding of the immune response to PfCSP can inform a second generation of PfCSP-based vaccines stimulating a broader range of protective targets within PfCSP.
- Subjects :
- Animals
Antibodies, Protozoan immunology
Humans
Malaria Vaccines immunology
Malaria, Falciparum immunology
Mice
Plasmodium falciparum parasitology
Protozoan Proteins immunology
Time Factors
Malaria Vaccines administration & dosage
Malaria, Falciparum prevention & control
Plasmodium falciparum immunology
Subjects
Details
- Language :
- English
- ISSN :
- 1744-8395
- Volume :
- 20
- Issue :
- 2
- Database :
- MEDLINE
- Journal :
- Expert review of vaccines
- Publication Type :
- Academic Journal
- Accession number :
- 33554669
- Full Text :
- https://doi.org/10.1080/14760584.2021.1874924