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Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease and Cardiovascular Diseases: The Heart of the Matter.
- Source :
-
Canadian journal of gastroenterology & hepatology [Can J Gastroenterol Hepatol] 2021 Jan 12; Vol. 2021, pp. 6696857. Date of Electronic Publication: 2021 Jan 12 (Print Publication: 2021). - Publication Year :
- 2021
-
Abstract
- Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) has emerged as the most frequent cause of liver disease worldwide, comprising a plethora of conditions, ranging from steatosis to end-stage liver disease. Cardiovascular disease (CVD) has been associated with NAFLD and CVD-related events represent the main cause of death in patients with NAFLD, surpassing liver-related mortality. This association is not surprising as NAFLD has been considered a part of the metabolic syndrome and has been related to numerous CVD risk factors, namely, insulin resistance, abdominal obesity, dyslipidemia, hyperuricemia, chronic kidney disease, and type 2 diabetes. Moreover, both NAFLD and CVD present similar pathophysiological mechanisms, such as increased visceral adiposity, altered lipid metabolism, increased oxidative stress, and systemic inflammation that could explain their association. Whether NAFLD increases the risk for CVD or these diagnostic entities represent distinct manifestations of the metabolic syndrome has not yet been clarified. This review focuses on the relation between NAFLD and the spectrum of CVD, considering the pathophysiological mechanisms, risk factors, current evidence, and future directions.<br />Competing Interests: The authors declare that they have no conflicts of interest.<br /> (Copyright © 2021 Stefan Chiriac et al.)
- Subjects :
- Humans
Risk Factors
Cardiovascular Diseases epidemiology
Cardiovascular Diseases etiology
Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2
Insulin Resistance
Metabolic Syndrome complications
Metabolic Syndrome epidemiology
Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease complications
Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease epidemiology
Subjects
Details
- Language :
- English
- ISSN :
- 2291-2797
- Volume :
- 2021
- Database :
- MEDLINE
- Journal :
- Canadian journal of gastroenterology & hepatology
- Publication Type :
- Academic Journal
- Accession number :
- 33505944
- Full Text :
- https://doi.org/10.1155/2021/6696857