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Ex Vivo Live Full-Thickness Porcine Skin Model as a Versatile In Vitro Testing Method for Skin Barrier Research.
- Source :
-
International journal of molecular sciences [Int J Mol Sci] 2021 Jan 11; Vol. 22 (2). Date of Electronic Publication: 2021 Jan 11. - Publication Year :
- 2021
-
Abstract
- Since the European Union (EU) announced their animal testing ban in 2013, all animal experiments related to cosmetics have been prohibited, creating a demand for alternatives to animal experiments for skin studies. Here, we investigated whether an ex vivo live porcine skin model can be employed to study the safety and skin barrier-improving effects of hydroxyacids widely used in cosmetics for keratolytic peels. Glycolic acid (1-10%), salicylic acid (0.2-2%), and lactobionic acid (1.2-12%) were used as representative substances for α-hydroxyacid (AHA), β-hydroxyacid (BHA), and polyhydroxyacid (PHA), respectively. When hydroxyacids were applied at high concentrations on the porcine skin every other day for 6 days, tissue viability was reduced to 50-80%, suggesting that the toxicity of cosmetic ingredients can be evaluated with this model. Based on tissue viability, the treatment scheme was changed to a single exposure for 20 min. The protective effects of a single exposure of hydroxyacids on skin barrier function were evaluated by examining rhodamine permeability and epidermal structural components of barrier function using immunohistochemistry (IHC) and immunofluorescence (IF) staining. Lactobionic acid (PHAs) improved skin barrier function most compared to other AHAs and BHAs. Most importantly, trans-epidermal water loss (TEWL), an important functional marker of skin barrier function, could be measured with this model, which confirmed the significant skin barrier-protective effects of PHAs. Collectively, we demonstrated that the ex vivo live full-thickness porcine skin model can be an excellent alternative to animal experiments for skin studies on the safety and efficacy of cosmetic ingredients.
- Subjects :
- Animals
Biomarkers
Epidermis drug effects
Epidermis metabolism
Fluorescent Antibody Technique
Histocytochemistry
Humans
Hydroxy Acids chemistry
Hydroxy Acids pharmacology
In Vitro Techniques
Permeability
Rhodamines pharmacology
Salicylic Acid chemistry
Salicylic Acid pharmacology
Skin cytology
Skin drug effects
Swine
Tissue Culture Techniques
Skin metabolism
Skin Physiological Phenomena drug effects
Subjects
Details
- Language :
- English
- ISSN :
- 1422-0067
- Volume :
- 22
- Issue :
- 2
- Database :
- MEDLINE
- Journal :
- International journal of molecular sciences
- Publication Type :
- Academic Journal
- Accession number :
- 33440780
- Full Text :
- https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms22020657