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Aluminum oxide nanoparticles affect the cell wall structure and lignin composition slightly altering the soybean growth.
- Source :
-
Plant physiology and biochemistry : PPB [Plant Physiol Biochem] 2021 Feb; Vol. 159, pp. 335-346. Date of Electronic Publication: 2020 Dec 31. - Publication Year :
- 2021
-
Abstract
- Aluminum oxide (Al <subscript>2</subscript> O <subscript>3</subscript> ) nanoparticles (NPs) are among the nanoparticles most used industrially, but their impacts on living organisms are widely unknown. We evaluated the effects of 50-1000 mg L <superscript>-1</superscript> Al <subscript>2</subscript> O <subscript>3</subscript> NPs on the growth, metabolism of lignin and its monomeric composition in soybean plants. Al <subscript>2</subscript> O <subscript>3</subscript> NPs did not affect the length of roots and stems. However, at the microscopic level, Al <subscript>2</subscript> O <subscript>3</subscript> NPs altered the root surface inducing the formation of cracks near to root apexes and damage to the root cap. The results suggest that Al <subscript>2</subscript> O <subscript>3</subscript> NPs were internalized and accumulated into the cytosol and cell wall of roots, probably interacting with organelles such as mitochondria. At the metabolic level, Al <subscript>2</subscript> O <subscript>3</subscript> NPs increased soluble and cell wall-bound peroxidase activities in roots and stems but reduced phenylalanine ammonia-lyase activity in stems. Increased lignin contents were also detected in roots and stems. The Al <subscript>2</subscript> O <subscript>3</subscript> NPs increased the p-hydroxyphenyl monomer levels in stems but reduced them in roots. The total phenolic content increased in roots and stems; cell wall-esterified p-coumaric and ferulic acids increased in roots, while the content of p-coumaric acid decreased in stems. In roots, the content of ionic aluminum (Al <superscript>+3</superscript> ) was extremely low, corresponding to 0.0000252% of the aluminum applied in the nanoparticulate form. This finding suggests that all adverse effects observed were due to the Al <subscript>2</subscript> O <subscript>3</subscript> NPs only. Altogether, these findings suggest that the structure and properties of the soybean cell wall were altered by the Al <subscript>2</subscript> O <subscript>3</subscript> NPs, probably to reduce its uptake and phytotoxicity.<br /> (Copyright © 2020 Elsevier Masson SAS. All rights reserved.)
Details
- Language :
- English
- ISSN :
- 1873-2690
- Volume :
- 159
- Database :
- MEDLINE
- Journal :
- Plant physiology and biochemistry : PPB
- Publication Type :
- Academic Journal
- Accession number :
- 33429191
- Full Text :
- https://doi.org/10.1016/j.plaphy.2020.12.028