Evaluation of antimicrobial photodynamic activities of 5-aminolevulinic acid derivatives.

Background: Antibiotic resistance is increasing day by day, thereby increase the chances of more infections by resistant bacteria. In this situation, antimicrobial photodynamic therapy (aPDT) is gaining more attraction.
Objective: To evaluate the antimicrobial effect of ALA derivatives using photodynamic therapy.
Materials and Methods: In this study, we evaluated the aPDT effect of different derivatives of 5-ALA. In vivo and in vitro studies were performed to measure the antimicrobial activity. Different light doses and different concentrations of drugs were used to test anti-bacterial effect of drugs as well as to detect any physiological changes in animal model after the treatment.
Results: In vivo studies revealed that ALA-methyl ester, ALA-hexyl ester, and ALA-13A are potent photosensitizers. In vitro studies involved wound healing rate, body weight, and dietary intake were evaluated, and results showed that ALA, ALA-methyl ester, ALA-hexyl ester, and ALA-13A had good anti-bacterial effects, fast healing rate, and no effect on other physical parameters.
Conclusion: Photodynamic therapy is increasingly used to treat different types of skin infections caused by bacterial strains. Our studies revealed that ALA-methyl ester, ALA-hexyl ester, and ALA-13A are promising photosensitizers for photodynamic therapy to inhibit the growth of resistant bacterial strains.
(© 2021 John Wiley & Sons A/S. Published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd.)