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Gene Regulation and Transcriptomics.

Gene Regulation and Transcriptomics.

Authors :
Samuels DS
Lybecker MC
Yang XF
Ouyang Z
Bourret TJ
Boyle WK
Stevenson B
Drecktrah D
Caimano MJ
Source :
Current issues in molecular biology [Curr Issues Mol Biol] 2021; Vol. 42, pp. 223-266. Date of Electronic Publication: 2020 Dec 10.
Publication Year :
2021

Abstract

Borrelia ( Borreliella ) burgdorferi , along with closely related species, is the etiologic agent of Lyme disease. The spirochete subsists in an enzootic cycle that encompasses acquisition from a vertebrate host to a tick vector and transmission from a tick vector to a vertebrate host. To adapt to its environment and persist in each phase of its enzootic cycle, B. burgdorferi wields three systems to regulate the expression of genes: the RpoN-RpoS alternative sigma factor cascade, the Hk1/Rrp1 two-component system and its product c-di-GMP, and the stringent response mediated by Rel <subscript>Bbu</subscript> and DksA. These regulatory systems respond to enzootic phase-specific signals and are controlled or fine- tuned by transcription factors, including BosR and BadR, as well as small RNAs, including DsrABb and Bb6S RNA. In addition, several other DNA-binding and RNA-binding proteins have been identified, although their functions have not all been defined. Global changes in gene expression revealed by high-throughput transcriptomic studies have elucidated various regulons, albeit technical obstacles have mostly limited this experimental approach to cultivated spirochetes. Regardless, we know that the spirochete, which carries a relatively small genome, regulates the expression of a considerable number of genes required for the transitions between the tick vector and the vertebrate host as well as the adaptation to each.

Details

Language :
English
ISSN :
1467-3045
Volume :
42
Database :
MEDLINE
Journal :
Current issues in molecular biology
Publication Type :
Academic Journal
Accession number :
33300497
Full Text :
https://doi.org/10.21775/cimb.042.223