Back to Search Start Over

Characterization and outcome of invasive infections due to Paecilomyces variotii: analysis of patients from the FungiScope® registry and literature reports.

Authors :
Sprute R
Salmanton-García J
Sal E
Malaj X
Falces-Romero I
Hatvani L
Heinemann M
Klimko N
López-Soria L
Meletiadis J
Shruti M
Steinmann J
Seidel D
Cornely OA
Stemler J
Source :
The Journal of antimicrobial chemotherapy [J Antimicrob Chemother] 2021 Feb 11; Vol. 76 (3), pp. 765-774.
Publication Year :
2021

Abstract

Objectives: To provide a basis for clinical management decisions in Paecilomyces variotii infection.<br />Methods: Unpublished cases of invasive P. variotii infection from the FungiScope® registry and all cases reported in the literature were analysed.<br />Results: We identified 59 cases with P. variotii infection. Main baseline factors were presence of indwelling devices in 29 cases (49.2%), particularly peritoneal catheters (33.9%) and prosthetic heart valves (10.2%), haematological or oncological diseases in 19 (32.2%), major surgery in 11 (18.6%), and diabetes mellitus in 10 cases (16.9%). The most prevalent infection sites were peritoneum (n = 20, 33.3%) and lungs (n = 16, 27.1%). Pain and fever were frequent (n = 35, 59.3% and n = 33, 55.9%, respectively). Diagnosis was established by culture in 58 cases (98.3%). P. variotii caused breakthrough infection in 8 patients. Systemic antifungals were given in 52 patients (88.1%). Amphotericin B was administered in 39, itraconazole in 15, and posaconazole in 8 patients. Clinical isolates were frequently resistant to voriconazole, whereas the above-mentioned antifungals showed good in vitro activity. Infections of the blood and CNS caused high mortality. Overall mortality was 28.8% and death was attributed to P. variotii in 10 cases.<br />Conclusions: P. variotii causes life-threatening infections, especially in immunocompromised and critically ill patients with indwelling devices. Patients undergoing peritoneal dialysis are at particular risk. Multidisciplinary management is paramount, including molecular techniques for diagnosis and treatment with efficacious systemic antifungals. Amphotericin B, itraconazole and posaconazole are regarded as treatments of choice. Combination with flucytosine may be considered. Surgical debridement and removal of indwelling devices facilitate favourable outcome.<br /> (© The Author(s) 2020. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the British Society for Antimicrobial Chemotherapy.)

Details

Language :
English
ISSN :
1460-2091
Volume :
76
Issue :
3
Database :
MEDLINE
Journal :
The Journal of antimicrobial chemotherapy
Publication Type :
Academic Journal
Accession number :
33254240
Full Text :
https://doi.org/10.1093/jac/dkaa481