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Signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 inhibition alleviates resistance to BRAF inhibition in anaplastic thyroid cancer.
- Source :
-
Investigational new drugs [Invest New Drugs] 2021 Jun; Vol. 39 (3), pp. 764-774. Date of Electronic Publication: 2020 Nov 27. - Publication Year :
- 2021
-
Abstract
- Anaplastic thyroid cancer (ATC) is a rare type of thyroid cancer (TC) with no effective therapeutic strategy. Although surgery, chemotherapy and radiation are all available for ATC treatment, the median survival for ATC patients is less than 6 months. In this study, we aimed to study on resistant mechanisms to B-Raf proto-oncogene serine/threonine kinase (BRAF) inhibitor and identify effective combinational therapy for ATC patients. TC cells were treated with Vemurafenib and cell apoptosis and viability were analyzed by flow cytometry and MTT assay. Monolayer and sphere cells were isolated from ATC cells to detect the mRNA level of stem cell markers and differentiation markers by RT-PCR. Phosphor-STAT3 level in sphere and monolayer cells was tested by Western blotting. The xenotransplantation animal model has established to analyze the anti-tumor effect of Vemurafenib and Stattic combinational therapy. Undifferentiated TC cells were resistant to Vemurafenib treatment. Sphere cells isolated from ATC showed no significant change in cell viability and apoptosis upon Vemurafenib treatment, and expressed a high level of stem cell marker and phosphor-STAT3. STAT3 inhibition enhanced the tumorigenic capacity and increased Vemurafenib sensitivity in ATC cell lines. Stattic significantly enhanced anti-tumor effect of Vemurafenib in mouse model. Our findings demonstrate that the combinational therapy of Vemurafenib and Stattic is an effective therapeutic treatment for ATC patients.
- Subjects :
- Animals
Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols pharmacology
Apoptosis drug effects
Cell Line, Tumor
Cell Survival drug effects
Cyclic S-Oxides pharmacology
Drug Resistance, Neoplasm drug effects
Drug Synergism
Female
Humans
Mice, Nude
STAT3 Transcription Factor metabolism
Thyroid Carcinoma, Anaplastic metabolism
Thyroid Carcinoma, Anaplastic pathology
Thyroid Neoplasms metabolism
Thyroid Neoplasms pathology
Tumor Burden drug effects
Vemurafenib pharmacology
Mice
Antineoplastic Agents therapeutic use
Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols therapeutic use
Cyclic S-Oxides therapeutic use
Protein Kinase Inhibitors therapeutic use
Proto-Oncogene Proteins B-raf antagonists & inhibitors
STAT3 Transcription Factor antagonists & inhibitors
Thyroid Carcinoma, Anaplastic drug therapy
Thyroid Neoplasms drug therapy
Vemurafenib therapeutic use
Subjects
Details
- Language :
- English
- ISSN :
- 1573-0646
- Volume :
- 39
- Issue :
- 3
- Database :
- MEDLINE
- Journal :
- Investigational new drugs
- Publication Type :
- Academic Journal
- Accession number :
- 33245464
- Full Text :
- https://doi.org/10.1007/s10637-020-01024-y