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Craniofacial and mandibular variation in colonial populations of the southern Andes during the 16 th to 19 th centuries.
- Source :
-
Homo : internationale Zeitschrift fur die vergleichende Forschung am Menschen [Homo] 2020 Nov 30; Vol. 71 (4), pp. 317-329. - Publication Year :
- 2020
-
Abstract
- The purpose of this paper is to analyze the morphological variation of human populations that inhabited the southern Andes (Mendoza city, Argentina) during 16 <superscript>th</superscript> to 19 <superscript>th</superscript> centuries. That period represents an encounter of several distinctive populations inhabiting the same area: Europeans, descendants from Europeans ( criollos ), Africans, and Native Americans. In this paper, we study the shape changes of the cranial base, cranial vault, facial skeleton, and mandible to evaluate if the craniofacial variation differs in relation to the colonial periods and burial areas. For this, we analyzed 44 skulls from four colonial temples of the Foundational Area of Mendoza, and 36 prehistoric ones as a comparative sample. A total of 84 3D anatomical landmarks were registered with a Microscribe G2X. First, we explored the morphological changes by chronological period through a Principal Component Analysis, and then we calculated Mahalanobis distances among the individuals from different chronological periods. Second, we evaluated the morphological variation of the colonial subsample according to chronological period, archaeological site, and burial area. For this, we conducted a Principal Component Analysis and a MANOVA. We represent the morphological changes by Wireframes that show the main variation along PC1 and PC2. The results obtained showed morphological differences in the cranial base and facial skeleton of the individuals from different chronological periods, while the cranial base and mandible vary when comparing individuals from different burial areas. We conclude that the colonial society was highly diverse in terms of biological and cultural variation, and that there were differential dietary patterns among them.
- Subjects :
- Adult
Anthropology, Physical
Archaeology
Argentina
Burial
Female
History, 16th Century
History, 17th Century
History, 18th Century
History, 19th Century
Humans
Indians, South American history
Male
Middle Aged
Principal Component Analysis
White People history
White People statistics & numerical data
Young Adult
Indians, South American statistics & numerical data
Mandible anatomy & histology
Skull anatomy & histology
Subjects
Details
- Language :
- English
- ISSN :
- 1618-1301
- Volume :
- 71
- Issue :
- 4
- Database :
- MEDLINE
- Journal :
- Homo : internationale Zeitschrift fur die vergleichende Forschung am Menschen
- Publication Type :
- Academic Journal
- Accession number :
- 33146663
- Full Text :
- https://doi.org/10.1127/homo/2020/1218