Scale-up of non-toxic poly(butylene adipate-co-terephthalate)-Chitin based nanocomposite articles by injection moulding and 3D printing.

Poly(butylene adipate-co-terephthalate) (PBAT), a compostable polymer, filled with different weight percentage of unbleached nano chitin (NC; 10%, 30% and 50%), a biodegradable filler from crustacean waste, were prepared from the extruded blends by injection moulding and 3D printing. The nanochitin required was prepared from chitin isolated from prawn shells (Fenneropenaeus indicus). The nanochitin crystals were observed to contain carboxylic acid surface functional groups as assessed by FT-IR, ¹³ C solid state NMR (SS NMR) spectroscopy, zeta potential measurements and the extent of the same was estimated by potentiometric titration. The PBAT-NC nanocomposites were characterized SS NMR spectroscopy, FT-IR spectroscopy, wide angle X-ray diffraction, dynamic mechanical analysis, DSC and TGA. Thermal and mechanical properties of the nanocomposites were determined. The moulded nanocomposites changed more and more rigid with increasing weight percentage of NC without significant change in the tensile strength. The TGA indicated that the thermal stability of PBAT could be improved but not significantly by the addition of NC. Wound healing was enhanced in the presence of the nanocomposite while in vivo toxicity was significant at high concentration. The PBAT-NC nanocomposites could be moulded in to useful articles such as laptop charger cover, rat cover for washing machine, planters and key holders under conditions similar to that used in the processing of LDPE.
Competing Interests: Declaration of competing interest The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper.
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