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[Herpes simplex virus and central nervous system infections: encephalitis, meningitis, myelitis].
[Herpes simplex virus and central nervous system infections: encephalitis, meningitis, myelitis].
- Source :
-
Virologie (Montrouge, France) [Virologie (Montrouge)] 2020 Oct 01; Vol. 24 (5), pp. 283-294. - Publication Year :
- 2020
-
Abstract
- Central nervous system (CNS) infections caused by herpes simplex viruses 1 (HSV-1) and 2 (HSV-2) greatly vary in frequency and severity. HSV-1 causes mostly herpes simplex encephalitis (HSE) which represents 5% to 15% of infectious encephalitis in children and adults. Despite available molecular diagnosis tools and antiviral drugs, the prognosis of HSE remains unacceptably low. In addition to mortality and immediate sequelae, auto-immune encephalitis (AIE) may occur, associated with the development of anti-neuronal antibodies in 1/4 of cases. Replicative relapses have been associated in few cases with genetic defects altering the innate immune response of neuronal cells. Herpetic meningitis is frequent, mostly associated with HSV-2 and genital herpes, sometimes recurrent and, mostly benign, except in immunocompromised individuals. Finally, exceptional cases of myelitis have been reported, due to ascending propagation of HSV-2 in the CNS. This review does not include neonatal infections.
Details
- Language :
- French
- ISSN :
- 1267-8694
- Volume :
- 24
- Issue :
- 5
- Database :
- MEDLINE
- Journal :
- Virologie (Montrouge, France)
- Publication Type :
- Academic Journal
- Accession number :
- 33111702
- Full Text :
- https://doi.org/10.1684/vir.2020.0862