Recurrent membranoproliferative glomerulonephritis type 1 in successive renal transplants.

We report a man who developed renal failure due to membranoproliferative glomerulonephritis (MPGN) type 1 which recurred in two cadaveric kidney transplants. This is the third such case in the literature. Nephrotic syndrome developed within 1 month following transplantation and histologic evidence of disease recurrence was documented in both kidneys 2 months after transplantation. Both grafts failed within 18 months. Factors which determine disease recurrence remain obscure.