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Uterine bleeding with hormone therapies in menopausal women: a systematic review.
- Source :
-
Climacteric : the journal of the International Menopause Society [Climacteric] 2020 Dec; Vol. 23 (6), pp. 550-558. Date of Electronic Publication: 2020 Sep 07. - Publication Year :
- 2020
-
Abstract
- Uterine bleeding is a common reason why women discontinue menopausal hormone therapy (HT). This systematic review compared bleeding profiles reported in studies for continuous-combined HT approved in North America and Europe for moderate to severe vasomotor symptoms in postmenopausal women with a uterus. Non-head-to-head studies showed that uterine bleeding varies by formulation and administration route, with oral having a better bleeding profile than transdermal formulations. Cumulative amenorrhea over a year ranged from 18 to 61% with oral HT and from 9 to 27% with transdermal HT, as reported for continuous-combined HT containing 17β-estradiol (E2)/progesterone (P4) (56%), E2/norethisterone acetate (NETA) (49%), E2/drospirenone (45%), conjugated equine estrogens/medroxyprogesterone acetate (18-54%), ethinyl estradiol/NETA (31-61%), E2/levonorgestrel patch (16%), and E2/NETA patch (9-27%). Amenorrhea rates and the mean number of bleeding/spotting days improved over time. The oral E2/P4 combination was amongst those with lower bleeding rates and may be an appropriate alternative for millions of women seeking bioidentical HT and/or those who have bleeding concerns with other HT.
- Subjects :
- Administration, Cutaneous
Administration, Oral
Estrogen Replacement Therapy methods
Estrogens administration & dosage
Female
Humans
Middle Aged
Progesterone administration & dosage
Estrogen Replacement Therapy adverse effects
Estrogens adverse effects
Menopause drug effects
Progesterone adverse effects
Uterine Hemorrhage chemically induced
Subjects
Details
- Language :
- English
- ISSN :
- 1473-0804
- Volume :
- 23
- Issue :
- 6
- Database :
- MEDLINE
- Journal :
- Climacteric : the journal of the International Menopause Society
- Publication Type :
- Academic Journal
- Accession number :
- 32893694
- Full Text :
- https://doi.org/10.1080/13697137.2020.1806816