Structural features of the anterior region of the mandible.

The research aims were to find out further intraosseous mandible organization indications and to structure it systematically.
Material and Methods: in our research 400 mandibles were used: for the intraosseous examinations in total 300 mandibles of persons aged 20-65 were used. For all corpses cephalic index was measured. Segmentation of the mandibles were made by Jigley saw between medial root of the first molar at one side and central and second incisor of the opposite one. After that segments were stained with Schiff's reagent with following preparation. Dry preparations (n = 100) were used in exploration of mental foramen macroanatomy.
Results: mental foramen cavity depth was divided into three types: low, n = 33 (depth 269 ± 081 mm), medium, n = 36 (depth 358 ± 092 mm) and deep, n = 31 (depth 417 ± 036 mm); transverse size of the cavity is 3109 ± 041 mm and longitudinal size is 397 ± 055 mm. According to the mandible anterior intraosseous organization research it is possible to make a mental nerve intraosseous canal types systematization: semi-oval; straight; s-shaped type, formed by two opposite and transient bends. The S-shaped type (49%) is more common in persons with a dolichocephalic skull type, especially (57.55%) in mesocephalic type and semi-oval (66.36%) in brachycephalic type.
Conclusion: nerve in the eponymous mental foramen, (which we would like to call a cavity), is branched into two large branches: the extraosseous branch, which innervates the soft tissues (such as Rr. mentales, Rr. labiales and Rr. gingivales), and the intraosseous branch, which runs from the mental foramen to the symphysis, from the latter branch to the first premolar, to the canine and to the incisors.
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