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Phosphorylation of the Transcription Factor Atf1 at Multiple Sites by the MAP Kinase Sty1 Controls Homologous Recombination and Transcription.
- Source :
-
Journal of molecular biology [J Mol Biol] 2020 Sep 04; Vol. 432 (19), pp. 5430-5446. Date of Electronic Publication: 2020 Aug 11. - Publication Year :
- 2020
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Abstract
- Transcription factors are often the downstream effectors of signaling cascades. In fission yeast, the transcription factor Atf1 is phosphorylated by the MAP kinase Sty1 under several environmental stressors to promote transcription initiation of stress genes. However, Sty1 and Atf1 have also been involved in other cellular processes such as homologous recombination at hotspots, ste11 gene expression during mating and meiosis, or regulation of fbp1 gene transcription under glucose starvation conditions. Using different phospho-mutants of Atf1, we have investigated the role of Atf1 phosphorylation by Sty1 in those biological processes. An Atf1 mutant lacking the canonical MAP kinase phosphorylation sites cannot activate fbp1 transcription when glucose is depleted, but it is still able to induce recombination at ade6.M26 and to induce ste11 after nitrogen depletion; in these last cases, Sty1 is still required, suggesting that additional non-canonical sites are activating the transcription factor. In all cases, an Atf1 phosphomimetic mutant bypasses the requirement of the Sty1 kinase in these diverse biological processes, highlighting the essential role of the DNA binding factor Atf1 on chromatin remodeling and cell adaptation to nutritional changes. We propose that post-translational modifications of Atf1 by Sty1, either at canonical or non-canonical sites, are sufficient to activate some of the functions of Atf1, those involving chromatin remodeling and transcription initiation. However, in the case of fbp1 where Atf1 acts synergistically with other transcription factors, elimination of the canonical sites is sufficient to hamper some of the interactions required in this complex scenario and to impair transcription initiation.<br />Competing Interests: Declaration of Competing Interest None.<br /> (Copyright © 2020 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.)
- Subjects :
- Activating Transcription Factor 1 genetics
Chromatin Assembly and Disassembly
Gene Expression Regulation, Fungal
Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases genetics
Mutation
Phosphoproteins genetics
Phosphorylation
Protein Processing, Post-Translational
Schizosaccharomyces genetics
Schizosaccharomyces pombe Proteins genetics
Transcriptional Activation
Activating Transcription Factor 1 metabolism
Homologous Recombination
Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases metabolism
Phosphoproteins metabolism
Schizosaccharomyces metabolism
Schizosaccharomyces pombe Proteins metabolism
Subjects
Details
- Language :
- English
- ISSN :
- 1089-8638
- Volume :
- 432
- Issue :
- 19
- Database :
- MEDLINE
- Journal :
- Journal of molecular biology
- Publication Type :
- Academic Journal
- Accession number :
- 32795531
- Full Text :
- https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jmb.2020.08.004