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Cell-Autonomous Autophagy Protects Against Chronic Intermittent Hypoxia Induced Sensory Nerves and Endothelial Dysfunction of the Soft Palate.
- Source :
-
Medical science monitor : international medical journal of experimental and clinical research [Med Sci Monit] 2020 Jul 03; Vol. 26, pp. e920878. Date of Electronic Publication: 2020 Jul 03. - Publication Year :
- 2020
-
Abstract
- BACKGROUND Chronic intermittent hypoxia (CIH) is a key feature of obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) syndrome. The pathogenesis of CIH-induced soft palate lesion is not well understood. Understanding the mechanisms of CIH-induced soft palate damage could provide new strategies for clinical treatment. MATERIAL AND METHODS Twenty male Sprague‑Dawley rats were randomized into a control group (n=10) and experimental group (n=10). The experimental group were exposed to CIH for 28 days. The control experiments were run in parallel. Morphological changes of CIH-induced soft palate were examined by hematoxylin and eosin. Peripheral nerves and vascular associated markers were analyzed by western blot and immunohistochemical staining. LC3B expression and transmission electron microscopy analysis was detected to investigate the destiny of cells in CIH-induced soft palate. RESULTS Histological studies demonstrated the thicken mucosal layer, muscular changes consistent with glands hyperplasia, and loose connective tissues of the soft palate in CIH induced rat models. CIH exposure significantly decreased the expression of annexin V but did not change argin level, suggesting that sensory nerves not motor nerves were damaged when exposed to intermittent hypoxia. Moreover, in response to CIH, the vascular vessel around the nerves and muscles became enlarged and caveolin-1 was overexpressed. Autophagy occurs in response to CIH-induced neuromuscular and vascular endothelial injury. CONCLUSIONS Sensory nerves and endothelial dysfunction contributed to the morphological damage of soft palate under intermittent hypoxia. Autophagy as a compensatory mechanism protects against CIH-induced injury. These findings have important implications for understanding mechanisms contributing to the increased soft palate lesion in patients with OSA.
- Subjects :
- Animals
Autophagy drug effects
Autophagy physiology
Endothelial Cells metabolism
Hypoxia metabolism
Male
Palate, Soft injuries
Palate, Soft innervation
Rats
Rats, Sprague-Dawley
Sensory Receptor Cells drug effects
Sensory Receptor Cells metabolism
Sleep Apnea, Obstructive metabolism
Vascular Diseases
Palate, Soft metabolism
Sleep Apnea, Obstructive complications
Subjects
Details
- Language :
- English
- ISSN :
- 1643-3750
- Volume :
- 26
- Database :
- MEDLINE
- Journal :
- Medical science monitor : international medical journal of experimental and clinical research
- Publication Type :
- Academic Journal
- Accession number :
- 32616707
- Full Text :
- https://doi.org/10.12659/MSM.920878