Nursing and spirituality: A discussion paper on intertwining metaparadigms.

Aim: To explore connections between spiritual metaparadigm and the nursing metaparadigm and advocate for a progressive spiritualization of nursing management.
Background: Relationship between the spiritual holistic metaparadigm of love, communion and gift and the holonic nursing metaparadigm of care, relationship and practice is not completely understood.
Method: The construction of a theoretical explanation on the basis of accumulated knowledge in the fields of nursing and spirituality (especially Christian spirituality) for the purpose of constructing a meaningful description.
Results: Deep connectivity between the elements of both metaparadigms: love and care, communion and relationship, and gift and practice.
Conclusion: The connection between the spiritual and nursing metaparadigms is real in nursing education, practice and management because of the holistic character of spirituality. In collective intentions and cultural values are the main channels of interaction between the nursing and the spiritual metaparadigms.
Implications for Nursing Management: Spirituality influences nursing management by, among other things, (a) providing meaning and purpose; (b) promoting cohesion in health communities; (c) fostering respect for ethics; (d) stimulating innovation; (e) encouraging leadership; and (f) illuminating the workplace.
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