Implications of NAD + boosters in translational medicine.

Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD ⁺ ) is an essential metabolite in energy metabolism as well as a co-substrate in biochemical reactions such as protein deacylation, protein ADP-ribosylation and cyclic ADP-ribose synthesis mediated by sirtuins, poly (ADP-ribose) polymerases (PARPs) and CD38. In eukaryotic cells, NAD ⁺ is synthesized through three distinct pathways, which offer different strategies to modulate the bioavailability of NAD ⁺ . The therapeutic potential of dietarily available NAD ⁺ boosters preserving the NAD ⁺ pool has been attracting attention after the discovery of declining NAD ⁺ levels in ageing model organisms as well as in several age-related diseases, including cardiometabolic and neurodegenerative diseases. Here, we review the recent advances in the biology of NAD ⁺ , including the salubrious effects of NAD ⁺ boosters and discuss their future translational strategies.
(© 2020 Stichting European Society for Clinical Investigation Journal Foundation.)