Back to Search
Start Over
A gammaherpesvirus licenses CD8 T cells to protect the host from pneumovirus-induced immunopathologies.
- Source :
-
Mucosal immunology [Mucosal Immunol] 2020 Sep; Vol. 13 (5), pp. 799-813. Date of Electronic Publication: 2020 May 18. - Publication Year :
- 2020
-
Abstract
- Human respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) is a pneumovirus that causes severe infections in infants worldwide. Despite intensive research, safe and effective vaccines against RSV have remained elusive. The main reason is that RSV infection of children previously immunized with formalin-inactivated-RSV vaccines has been associated with exacerbated pathology, a phenomenon called RSV vaccine-enhanced respiratory disease. In parallel, despite the high RSV prevalence, only a minor proportion of children develop severe diseases. Interestingly, variation in the immune responses against RSV or following RSV vaccination could be linked with differences of exposure to microbes during childhood. Gammaherpesviruses (γHVs), such as the Epstein-Barr virus, are persistent viruses that deeply influence the immune system of their host and could therefore affect the development of pneumovirus-induced immunopathologies for the long term. Here, we showed that a previous ɣHV infection protects against both pneumovirus vaccine-enhanced disease and pneumovirus primary infection and that CD8 T cells are essential for this protection. These observations shed a new light on the understanding of pneumovirus-induced diseases and open new perspectives for the development of vaccine strategies.
- Subjects :
- Animals
Antibodies, Neutralizing immunology
Antibodies, Viral immunology
Disease Models, Animal
Humans
Immunophenotyping
Leukocytes immunology
Leukocytes metabolism
Leukocytes pathology
Lung immunology
Lung metabolism
Lung pathology
Mice
Microbial Interactions
Pneumovirus Infections pathology
Respiratory Syncytial Virus Infections etiology
Respiratory Syncytial Virus Infections metabolism
Respiratory Syncytial Virus, Human immunology
T-Lymphocyte Subsets immunology
T-Lymphocyte Subsets metabolism
Vaccination
Viral Vaccines immunology
CD8-Positive T-Lymphocytes immunology
CD8-Positive T-Lymphocytes metabolism
Disease Susceptibility
Gammaherpesvirinae immunology
Host-Pathogen Interactions immunology
Pneumovirus immunology
Pneumovirus Infections etiology
Pneumovirus Infections metabolism
Subjects
Details
- Language :
- English
- ISSN :
- 1935-3456
- Volume :
- 13
- Issue :
- 5
- Database :
- MEDLINE
- Journal :
- Mucosal immunology
- Publication Type :
- Academic Journal
- Accession number :
- 32424182
- Full Text :
- https://doi.org/10.1038/s41385-020-0293-7