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Autonomic nervous system maturation in the premature extrauterine milieu.
- Source :
-
Pediatric research [Pediatr Res] 2021 Mar; Vol. 89 (4), pp. 863-868. Date of Electronic Publication: 2020 May 12. - Publication Year :
- 2021
-
Abstract
- Background: In premature infants, we investigated whether the duration of extrauterine development influenced autonomic nervous system (ANS) maturation.<br />Methods: We performed a longitudinal cohort study of ANS maturation in preterm infants. Eligibility included birth gestational age (GA) < 37 weeks, NICU admission, and expected survival. The cohort was divided into three birth GA groups: Group 1 (≤29 weeks), Group 2 (30-33 weeks), and Group 3 (≥34 weeks). ECG data were recorded weekly and analyzed for sympathetic and parasympathetic tone using heart rate variability (HRV). Quantile regression modeled the slope of ANS maturation among the groups by postnatal age to term-equivalent age (TEA) (≥37 weeks).<br />Results: One hundred infants, median (Q1-Q3) birth GA of 31.9 (28.7-33.9) weeks, were enrolled: Group 1 (n = 35); Group 2 (n = 40); and Group 3 (n = 25). Earlier birth GA was associated with lower sympathetic and parasympathetic tone. However, the rate of autonomic maturation was similar, and at TEA there was no difference in HRV metrics across the three groups. The majority of infants (91%) did not experience significant neonatal morbidities.<br />Conclusion: Premature infants with low prematurity-related systemic morbidity have maturational trajectories of ANS development that are comparable across a wide range of ex-utero durations regardless of birth GA.<br />Impact: Heart rate variability can evaluate the maturation of the autonomic nervous system. Metrics of both the sympathetic and parasympathetic nervous system show maturation in the premature extrauterine milieu. The autonomic nervous system in preterm infants shows comparable maturation across a wide range of birth gestational ages. Preterm newborns with low medical morbidity have maturation of their autonomic nervous system while in the NICU. Modern NICU advances appear to support autonomic development in the preterm infant.
- Subjects :
- Autonomic Nervous System physiopathology
Electrocardiography
Female
Gestational Age
Heart Rate
Humans
Infant, Extremely Premature
Infant, Newborn
Intensive Care Units, Neonatal
Intensive Care, Neonatal
Longitudinal Studies
Male
Pregnancy
Prospective Studies
Regression Analysis
Autonomic Nervous System growth & development
Infant, Premature physiology
Subjects
Details
- Language :
- English
- ISSN :
- 1530-0447
- Volume :
- 89
- Issue :
- 4
- Database :
- MEDLINE
- Journal :
- Pediatric research
- Publication Type :
- Academic Journal
- Accession number :
- 32396923
- Full Text :
- https://doi.org/10.1038/s41390-020-0952-0