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Genetic Liability for Depression, Social Factors and Their Interaction Effect in Depressive Symptoms and Depression Over Time in Older Adults.
- Source :
-
The American journal of geriatric psychiatry : official journal of the American Association for Geriatric Psychiatry [Am J Geriatr Psychiatry] 2020 Aug; Vol. 28 (8), pp. 844-855. Date of Electronic Publication: 2020 Mar 08. - Publication Year :
- 2020
-
Abstract
- Objectives: The objectives of this study were to investigate the effect of genetic and social factors on depressive symptoms and depression over time and to test whether social factors moderate the relationship between depressive symptoms and its underlying genetics in later life.<br />Methods: The study included 2,279 participants with a mean follow-up of 15 years from the Longitudinal Aging Study Amsterdam with genotyping data. The personal genetic loading for depression was estimated for each participant by calculating a polygenic risk scores (PRS-D), based on 23,032 single nucleotide polymorphisms associated with major depression in a large genome-wide association study. Partner status, network size, received and given emotional support were assessed via questionnaires and depressive symptoms were assessed using the CES-D Scale. A CES-D Scale of 16 and higher was considered as clinically relevant depression.<br />Results: Higher PRS-D was associated with more depressive symptoms whereas having a partner and having a larger network size were independently associated with less depressive symptoms. After extra adjustment for education, cognitive function and functional limitations, giving more emotional support was also associated with less depressive symptoms. No evidence for gene-environment interaction between PRS-D and social factors was found. Similar results were found for clinically relevant depression.<br />Conclusion: Genetic and social factors are independently associated with depressive symptoms over time in older adults. Strategies that boost social functioning should be encouraged in the general population of older adults regardless of the genetic liability for depression.<br /> (Copyright © 2020 American Association for Geriatric Psychiatry. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.)
- Subjects :
- Aged
Female
Gene-Environment Interaction
Genome-Wide Association Study
Humans
Longitudinal Studies
Male
Netherlands epidemiology
Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide
Risk Assessment
Social Interaction
Aging physiology
Aging psychology
Depression diagnosis
Depression genetics
Depressive Disorder, Major diagnosis
Depressive Disorder, Major epidemiology
Depressive Disorder, Major genetics
Depressive Disorder, Major psychology
Genetic Predisposition to Disease
Social Factors
Subjects
Details
- Language :
- English
- ISSN :
- 1545-7214
- Volume :
- 28
- Issue :
- 8
- Database :
- MEDLINE
- Journal :
- The American journal of geriatric psychiatry : official journal of the American Association for Geriatric Psychiatry
- Publication Type :
- Academic Journal
- Accession number :
- 32278746
- Full Text :
- https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jagp.2020.02.011